Diagnostic Performance and Accuracy of the MNA-SF against GLIM Criteria in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from Poland
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Inclusion and Exlusion Criteria
2.2. Study Protocol
2.2.1. GLIM Diagnostic Criteria for Malnutrition
- (1)
- Reduced food intake was acknowledged in persons who declared at least moderate decrease in the number of meals or amount of food in the past three months;
- (2)
- Disease burden/inflammatory condition was acknowledged if at least one chronic disease associated with chronic or periodic inflammation (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic heart failure, or chronic kidney disease) or elevated C-reactive protein levels (>10 mg/L) were identified in the subjects’ medical records.
- (1)
- Weight loss was acknowledged in persons who declared unintentional weight loss of at least 1 kg in the past three months;
- (2)
- Low body mass index: <20 kg/m2 in subjects at age <70, and <22 kg/m2 in participants ≥70 years of age;
- (3)
- Low muscle mass (LMM). Muscle mass was assessed based on the appendicular lean mass (ALM) index (i.e., the sum of the lean mass of the upper and lower limbs (kg) divided by the squared height (m2)) derived with the BIA method (InBody 120 analyzer, Biospace, Seoul, Korea). The ALM index below cut-off points for the Polish population (5.6 kg/m2 in women and 7.4 kg/m2 in men) were acknowledged low muscle mass [25].
2.2.2. MNA-SF Questionnaire
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Study Group
3.2. Prevalence of Malnutrition
3.3. Sensitivity, Specificity, Accuracy, and Diagnostic Value of MNA-SF
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Total n = 273 | Malnutrition n = 103 | Normal Nutritional Status n = 170 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 72.1 ± 7.7 | 73.8 ± 9.1 | 71.1 ± 6.6 | 0.0532 |
MNA-SF | 11.8 ± 2.5 | 10.3 ± 2.9 | 12.7 ± 1.7 | 0.0000 |
MNA-SF score ≤ 11 | 97 (35.5) | 61 (59.2%) | 35 (20.6) | 0.0000 |
AMTS | 10.3 ± 0.7 | 10.3 ± 0.7 | 10.8 ± 0.2 | 0.5031 |
Number of chronic diseases | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 0.3017 |
CRP (mg/L) | 3.5 ± 4.7 | 4.0 ± 5.8 | 3.3 ± 3.9 | 0.6329 |
ALM index (kg/m2) | 7.1 ± 1.3 | 6.4 ± 1.2 | 7.5 ± 1.2 | 0.0000 |
Height (cm) | 162.7 ± 9.2 | 161.3 ± 9.4 | 163.6 ± 9.0 | 0.0396 |
Weight (kg) | 74.2 ± 18.4 | 63.0 ± 16.6 | 80.9 ± 16.0 | 0.0000 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.9 ± 6.1 | 24.1 ± 5.6 | 30.2 ± 5.3 | 0.0000 |
BFM (kg) | 26.7 ± 11.9 | 19.9 ± 10.7 | 30.9 ± 10.7 | 0.0000 |
SMM (kg) | 25.9 ± 6.3 | 23.3 ± 5.6 | 27.5 ± 6.2 | 0.0000 |
PBF (%) | 34.7 ± 10.1 | 30.0 ± 10.3 | 37.6 ± 8.8 | 0.0000 |
FFM (kg) | 47.5 ± 10.5 | 43.1 ± 9.3 | 50.1 ± 10.4 | 0.0000 |
Criterion | Prevalence, n (%) Total n = 273 |
---|---|
GLIM phenotypic criteria | |
Weight loss | 77 (28.2) |
Low BMI | 34 (12.4) |
Low ALM index | 55 (20.1) |
Any phenotypic criteria | 104 (38.1) |
GLIM etiologic criteria | |
Reduce food intake | 46 (16.8) |
Disease burden or inflammatory condition | 256 (93.8) |
Any etiologic criteria | 268 (98.2) |
MNA-SF nutritional status | |
Malnutrition | 20 (7.3) |
Malnutrition risk | 77 (28.2) |
No malnutrition | 176 (64.5) |
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Kaluźniak-Szymanowska, A.; Krzymińska-Siemaszko, R.; Lewandowicz, M.; Deskur-Śmielecka, E.; Stachnik, K.; Wieczorowska-Tobis, K. Diagnostic Performance and Accuracy of the MNA-SF against GLIM Criteria in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from Poland. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2183. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072183
Kaluźniak-Szymanowska A, Krzymińska-Siemaszko R, Lewandowicz M, Deskur-Śmielecka E, Stachnik K, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Diagnostic Performance and Accuracy of the MNA-SF against GLIM Criteria in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from Poland. Nutrients. 2021; 13(7):2183. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072183
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaluźniak-Szymanowska, Aleksandra, Roma Krzymińska-Siemaszko, Marta Lewandowicz, Ewa Deskur-Śmielecka, Katarzyna Stachnik, and Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis. 2021. "Diagnostic Performance and Accuracy of the MNA-SF against GLIM Criteria in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from Poland" Nutrients 13, no. 7: 2183. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072183