Vitamin E Deficiency Disrupts Gene Expression Networks during Zebrafish Development
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Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
3
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
7
School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2021, 13(2), 468; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020468
Received: 23 December 2020
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Revised: 26 January 2021
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Accepted: 27 January 2021
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Published: 30 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Micronutrients and Human Health)
Vitamin E (VitE) is essential for vertebrate embryogenesis, but the mechanisms involved remain unknown. To study embryonic development, we fed zebrafish adults (>55 days) either VitE sufficient (E+) or deficient (E–) diets for >80 days, then the fish were spawned to generate E+ and E– embryos. To evaluate the transcriptional basis of the metabolic and phenotypic outcomes, E+ and E– embryos at 12, 18 and 24 h post-fertilization (hpf) were subjected to gene expression profiling by RNASeq. Hierarchical clustering, over-representation analyses and gene set enrichment analyses were performed with differentially expressed genes. E– embryos experienced overall disruption to gene expression associated with gene transcription, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, intracellular signaling and the formation of embryonic structures. mTOR was apparently a major controller of these changes. Thus, embryonic VitE deficiency results in genetic and transcriptional dysregulation as early as 12 hpf, leading to metabolic dysfunction and ultimately lethal outcomes.
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Keywords:
VitE; vitamin E; E+, VitE sufficient; E–, VitE deficient; hpf; hours post-fertilization; α-TTP; α-tocopherol transfer protein.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Head, B.; Ramsey, S.A.; Kioussi, C.; Tanguay, R.L.; Traber, M.G. Vitamin E Deficiency Disrupts Gene Expression Networks during Zebrafish Development. Nutrients 2021, 13, 468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020468
AMA Style
Head B, Ramsey SA, Kioussi C, Tanguay RL, Traber MG. Vitamin E Deficiency Disrupts Gene Expression Networks during Zebrafish Development. Nutrients. 2021; 13(2):468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020468
Chicago/Turabian StyleHead, Brian, Stephen A. Ramsey, Chrissa Kioussi, Robyn L. Tanguay, and Maret G. Traber. 2021. "Vitamin E Deficiency Disrupts Gene Expression Networks during Zebrafish Development" Nutrients 13, no. 2: 468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020468
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