Selenium Deficiency Is Widespread and Spatially Dependent in Ethiopia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Population
2.2. Data Collection and Analysis
2.2.1. Socio-Demography
2.2.2. Collection, Processing and Analysis of Serum Se
2.2.3. Data Analysis
2.3. Ethical Approval
3. Results
Characteristics of Study Participants
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | n | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Region | Addis Ababa | 243 | 7.4 | |
Afar | 254 | 7.8 | ||
Amhara | 492 | 15.1 | ||
Benishangul-Gumuz | 213 | 6.5 | ||
Dire Dawa | 152 | 4.7 | ||
Gambela | 199 | 6.1 | ||
Harari | 243 | 7.4 | ||
Oromia | 523 | 16.0 | ||
SNNP | 365 | 11.1 | ||
Somali | 204 | 6.3 | ||
Tigray | 381 | 11.6 | ||
National | 3269 | 100.0 | ||
Demographic group | Young children | Male | 284 | 15.9 |
Female | 237 | |||
School age children | ||||
Male | 451 | 30.8 | ||
Female | 556 | |||
Adult Men | 414 | 12.7 | ||
Women of reproductive age | 1327 | 40.6 | ||
Residence | Urban | 841 | 25.7 | |
Rural | 2428 | 74.3 | ||
Gender | Male | 1149 | 35.1 | |
Female | 2120 | 64.9 |
Variables | n | Median Serum Se (µg L−1) † | Prevalence (%) of Se Deficiency (Serum Se <70 µg L−1) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Region | Addis Ababa | 243 | 92.7 [80.2, 111.0] | 7.1 |
Afar | 254 | 122.0 [105.0, 142.0] | 0.9 | |
Amhara | 492 | 67.4 [44.7, 94.7] | 52.2 | |
Benishangul-Gumuz | 213 | 54.6 [43.1, 66.3] | 81.2 | |
Dire Dawa | 152 | 118.9 [106.0,137.0] | 2.8 | |
Gambela | 199 | 114.8 [88.5,157.0] | 16.1 | |
Harari | 243 | 92.2 [62.9,114.0] | 32.8 | |
Oromia | 523 | 76.8 [48.8,114.0] | 44.4 | |
SNNP | 365 | 122.0 [85.3,171.0] | 14.1 | |
Somali | 204 | 118.0 [100,141.0] | 3.5 | |
Tigray | 381 | 104.0 [82.3, 128.0] | 15.5 | |
National | 3269 | 87.7 [56.7, 123.0] | 35.5 | |
Demographic group | Young children | 521 | 67.2 [41.9, 94.7] | 52.3 |
School age children | 1007 | 78.7 [53.4,107.8] | 40.6 | |
Men | 414 | 94.8 [60.4, 128.0] | 30.8 | |
WRA | 1327 | 103.6 [68.2,143.0] | 26.0 |
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Belay, A.; Joy, E.J.M.; Chagumaira, C.; Zerfu, D.; Ander, E.L.; Young, S.D.; Bailey, E.H.; Lark, R.M.; Broadley, M.R.; Gashu, D. Selenium Deficiency Is Widespread and Spatially Dependent in Ethiopia. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1565. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061565
Belay A, Joy EJM, Chagumaira C, Zerfu D, Ander EL, Young SD, Bailey EH, Lark RM, Broadley MR, Gashu D. Selenium Deficiency Is Widespread and Spatially Dependent in Ethiopia. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6):1565. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061565
Chicago/Turabian StyleBelay, Adamu, Edward J. M. Joy, Christopher Chagumaira, Dilnesaw Zerfu, E. Louise Ander, Scott D. Young, Elizabeth H. Bailey, R. Murray Lark, Martin R. Broadley, and Dawd Gashu. 2020. "Selenium Deficiency Is Widespread and Spatially Dependent in Ethiopia" Nutrients 12, no. 6: 1565. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061565