Research on the Tunable Optical Alignment Technology of Lidar Under Complex Working Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Lidar System Optical Path
2.2. Traditional Optical Alignment Method
2.3. Adjustable Optical Alignment Method
3. Experiment
3.1. RRDWL System Overview
3.2. RRDWL Optical Path Imbalance
3.3. RRDWL Optical Alignment Test
- (1)
- First, if atmospheric echo signal misalignment occurs in the direction of the four lines of sight after one full rotation of the rotating platform, broad-spectrum dimming (coarse adjustment) should be performed. The adjustment step for the high-precision two-dimensional electric adjustment frame is set to 300, and the initial adjustment position is designated as S0. Moving 300 steps in a specified direction yields data S1. If S0 < S1, 300 steps are moved in the opposite direction, and the resulting data are S2. If S0 < S2, return to position S0.
- (2)
- Second, after completing the coarse adjustment, the optical axis position at this stage is recognized as being within the field of view of the receiving telescope. The optimal position after the coarse adjustment is adopted as the initial position, and four datasets are acquired in both left and right directions, each with a step length of 100, for the second rough adjustment to determine the position S3 of the most favorable group.
- (3)
- Finally, fine adjustment is performed at the position identified by S3 as the primary collimation of the optical axis. Four datasets are obtained from both left and right directions, each with a step length of 20, for fine adjustment, yielding position S4 as the optimal position. Ultimately, S4 represents the most suitable collimation position.
4. Results
4.1. RRDWL Optical Alignment Results
4.2. Atmospheric Horizontal Wind Field Results
4.3. RRDWL Performance Optimization Evaluation
5. Discussion
- (1)
- Laser frequency stability. In RRDWL operations, seed injection lasers are commonly used. However, these lasers are highly sensitive to external factors such as temperature fluctuations and vibrations, which can cause frequency drift. This instability may introduce significant errors in subsequent wind speed inversion, severely affecting the accuracy of wind speed measurements and analysis;
- (2)
- Divergence angle and stability of the laser beam. During detection, the emitted laser beam may jitter or exhibit an amplification effect. This phenomenon hampers the accurate identification of Doppler frequency shifts caused by wind, which in turn increases the errors in wind speed inversion and hinders the accurate acquisition of wind speed data;
- (3)
- Instrument stability and calibration issues. The direct detection wind Lidar system often consists of multiple high-precision instruments. In real-world conditions, environmental factors such as temperature changes and vibrations can induce system errors in these instruments. Furthermore, the stability of the instruments and calibration processes may negatively impact the overall detection performance;
- (4)
- Complex atmospheric conditions. Most direct detection wind Lidar systems are currently deployed in high-latitude regions or areas with favorable meteorological conditions. However, atmospheric conditions in central and eastern China, as well as low-latitude areas, are highly complex, with significant spatiotemporal inhomogeneity. In such an environment, factors like clouds, aerosols, and turbulence are intertwined, directly affecting wind Lidar performance and interfering with the accuracy of detection results.
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Measurement Performance | |
---|---|
Height resolution | 0.275–1.1 km (changeable) |
Time resolution | 30 min (changeable) |
Laser wavelength | 532.1 nm |
Pulse energy | 350 mJ |
Repetition rate | 30 Hz |
Spectral bandwidth (FWHM) | 70 MHz |
Divergence angle | 50 μrad |
Telescope diameter | 800 mm |
FOV | 100 μrad |
IF bandwidth (FWHM) | 0.3 nm |
Beam divergence | 2.5 mrad |
Transient recorder | 12 bit, 20 MHz sampling rate |
Acquisition card | 12 bit, 1 GHz sampling rate |
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Chen, J.; Ji, J.; Xie, C.; Wang, Y. Research on the Tunable Optical Alignment Technology of Lidar Under Complex Working Conditions. Remote Sens. 2025, 17, 532. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17030532
Chen J, Ji J, Xie C, Wang Y. Research on the Tunable Optical Alignment Technology of Lidar Under Complex Working Conditions. Remote Sensing. 2025; 17(3):532. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17030532
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Jianfeng, Jie Ji, Chenbo Xie, and Yingjian Wang. 2025. "Research on the Tunable Optical Alignment Technology of Lidar Under Complex Working Conditions" Remote Sensing 17, no. 3: 532. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17030532
APA StyleChen, J., Ji, J., Xie, C., & Wang, Y. (2025). Research on the Tunable Optical Alignment Technology of Lidar Under Complex Working Conditions. Remote Sensing, 17(3), 532. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17030532