Urban Land Use Efficiency and Coordination in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Evaluation System
2.2. Evaluation of Urban Land Use Efficiency
2.3. Evaluation of Urban Land Use Coordination
2.4. Evaluation Coordinate System of Urban Land Use Efficiency and Coordination
2.5. Sample Selection
3. Results
3.1. Urban Land Use Efficiency in China
3.2. The Degree of Urban Land Use Coordination in China
3.3. Urban Land Use Efficiency and Coordination in China
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Input Indicators | Output Indicators |
---|---|
Land area | Gross Regional Product |
Total year-end population | Engel coefficient |
Total fixed assets investment | Municipal districts end urban road area |
Number of kindergartens and ordinary schools (including primary schools, middle schools, colleges and universities) | |
Green coverage within built-up area |
Category | Indicator Name | Unit |
---|---|---|
Economic | Regional GDP | Billion RMB/km2 |
Regional total fixed assets investment | Billion RMB/km2 | |
Regional general budget revenue | Billion RMB/km2 | |
Society | Engel coefficient | - |
The number of regional kindergartens and ordinary schools | Units/km2 | |
The number of regional public libraries | Units/km2 | |
The number of regional health institutions | Units/km2 | |
Environment | Sewage treatment rate | % |
Life garbage treatment rate | % | |
Comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste | % | |
Green coverage of built-up area | % |
City | Firm | CRSTE | VRSTE | Scale | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beijing | 1 | 0.629 | 1 | 0.629 | drs |
Tianjin | 2 | 0.506 | 1 | 0.506 | drs |
Shijiazhuang | 3 | 0.534 | 0.802 | 0.666 | drs |
Taiyuan | 4 | 0.739 | 0.741 | 0.997 | drs |
Hohhot | 5 | 0.592 | 0.78 | 0.759 | irs |
Shenyang | 6 | 0.393 | 0.394 | 0.999 | drs |
Dalian | 7 | 0.571 | 0.598 | 0.954 | drs |
Changchun | 8 | 0.611 | 0.676 | 0.905 | drs |
Harbin | 9 | 0.602 | 0.719 | 0.837 | drs |
Shanghai | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
Nanjing | 11 | 0.594 | 1 | 0.594 | drs |
Hangzhou | 12 | 0.394 | 0.408 | 0.965 | drs |
Ningbo | 13 | 0.548 | 0.648 | 0.846 | drs |
Hefei | 14 | 0.413 | 0.428 | 0.965 | drs |
Fuzhou | 15 | 0.585 | 0.729 | 0.803 | drs |
Xiamen | 16 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
Nanchang | 17 | 0.616 | 0.709 | 0.869 | drs |
Jinan | 18 | 0.776 | 0.882 | 0.879 | drs |
Qingdao | 19 | 0.699 | 1 | 0.699 | drs |
Zhengzhou | 20 | 0.576 | 0.878 | 0.656 | drs |
Wuhan | 21 | 0.411 | 0.426 | 0.964 | drs |
Changsha | 22 | 0.642 | 0.812 | 0.791 | drs |
Shenzhen | 23 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
Nanning | 24 | 0.819 | 1 | 0.819 | drs |
Haikou | 25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
Chongqing | 26 | 0.691 | 1 | 0.691 | drs |
Chengdu | 27 | 0.507 | 0.933 | 0.544 | drs |
Guiyang | 28 | 0.551 | 0.565 | 0.976 | drs |
Xi’an | 29 | 0.555 | 0.837 | 0.664 | drs |
Lanzhou | 30 | 0.815 | 0.847 | 0.962 | drs |
Xi’ning | 31 | 0.745 | 0.816 | 0.913 | irs |
Yinchuan | 32 | 0.624 | 0.877 | 0.712 | irs |
Urumqi | 33 | 0.851 | 0.859 | 0.991 | irs |
Component | Initial Eigenvalues | Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Variance Contribution | Cumulative Variance Contribution | Total | Variance Contribution | Cumulative Variance Contribution | |
1 | 2.702 | 90.075 | 90.075 | 2.702 | 90.075 | 90.075 |
2 | 0.245 | 8.156 | 98.230 | - | - | - |
3 | 0.053 | 1.770 | 100.000 | - | - | - |
Component | Initial Eigenvalues | Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Variance Contribution | Cumulative Variance Contribution | Total | Variance Contribution | Cumulative Variance Contribution | |
1 | 3.602 | 40.021 | 40.021 | 3.602 | 40.021 | 40.021 |
2 | 1.342 | 14.911 | 54.932 | 1.342 | 14.911 | 54.932 |
3 | 1.260 | 13.995 | 68.927 | 1.260 | 13.995 | 68.927 |
4 | 1.021 | 11.349 | 80.277 | 1.021 | 11.349 | 80.277 |
5 | 0.686 | 7.620 | 87.897 | - | - | - |
6 | 0.624 | 6.934 | 94.831 | - | - | - |
7 | 0.315 | 3.504 | 98.334 | - | - | - |
8 | 0.085 | 0.946 | 99.281 | - | - | - |
9 | 0.065 | 0.719 | 100.000 | - | - | - |
City | G (2014) | City | G (2014) |
---|---|---|---|
Taiyuan | 0.996 | Shanghai | 0.639 |
Beijing | 0.994 | Shijiazhuang | 0.582 |
Hohhot | 0.986 | Fuzhou | 0.490 |
Harbin | 0.971 | Urumqi | 0.413 |
Changchun | 0.969 | Chengdu | 0.160 |
Yinchuan | 0.949 | Xi’ning | −0.049 |
Nanjing | 0.945 | Jinan | −0.256 |
Shenzhen | 0.925 | Haikou | −0.279 |
Hefei | 0.918 | Tianjin | −0.310 |
Xiamen | 0.891 | Wuhan | −0.697 |
Hangzhou | 0.881 | Xi’an | −1.179 |
Guiyang | 0.845 | Nanchang | −1.417 |
Shenyang | 0.840 | Qingdao | −2.752 |
Chongqing | 0.783 | Zhengzhou | −10.718 |
Changsha | 0.748 | Naning | −13.653 |
Dalian | 0.729 | Ningbo | −3740.488 |
Lanzhou | 0.671 | - | - |
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Yang, X.; Wu, Y.; Dang, H. Urban Land Use Efficiency and Coordination in China. Sustainability 2017, 9, 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030410
Yang X, Wu Y, Dang H. Urban Land Use Efficiency and Coordination in China. Sustainability. 2017; 9(3):410. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030410
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Xiaodong, Yongxiang Wu, and Hang Dang. 2017. "Urban Land Use Efficiency and Coordination in China" Sustainability 9, no. 3: 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030410
APA StyleYang, X., Wu, Y., & Dang, H. (2017). Urban Land Use Efficiency and Coordination in China. Sustainability, 9(3), 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030410