Study on the Evolvement of Technology Development and Energy Efficiency—A Case Study of the Past 30 Years of Development in Shanghai
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Research Background and Purpose
1.2. Research Results and Contributions
2. Literature Review
2.1. Study on the Evolving Relationship between Technological Progress Tactics and Energy Utilization Efficiency
2.2. Study of Chinese Technological Progress and Energy Utilization Efficiency
3. Case Background and Research Method
3.1. Case Choice and Data Sources
3.2. Case Background
3.3. Method of Case Analysis
4. Research Results
4.1. The Relationship of Technological Progress and GDP Energy Consumption
4.1.1. The Relationship between Technological Activities and GDP Energy Consumption
4.1.2. The Relationship between the Science and Technology Achievements, and GDP Energy Consumption
4.1.3. The Relationship between Imported Technologies, Direct Investments from Foreign Companies and GDP Energy Consumption
4.2. The Relationship between Early-Stage the Technological Progress and GDP Energy Consumption
4.2.1. The Relationship between Technological Activities, R&D Investments, Science and Technology Achievements, and GDP Energy Consumption
4.2.2. The Relationship between Technology Import Investments and GDP Energy Consumption
4.2.3. The Relationship between FDI and GDP Energy Consumption
4.3. The Correlation between Technological Progress at the Intermediate Industry Level and GDP Energy Consumption
4.3.1. The Relationship between Technological Activities, R&D Investments, Science and Technology Achievements, and GDP Energy Consumption.
4.3.2. The Relationship between the Investments of Imported Technologies and GDP Energy Consumption
4.3.3. The Relationship between FDI and GDP Energy Consumption
5. Discussions
5.1. Improving Technologies by Importing Technologies and Decreasing GDP Energy Utilization Consumption
5.2. The Relationship between FDI and GDP Energy Consumption
5.3. The Relationship between Science and Technology, R&D Investments and GDP Energy Consumption
6. Conclusions and Contributions
6.1. The Relationship between Imported Technologies and GDP Energy Consumption
6.2. The Relationship between FDI and GDP Energy Consumption
6.3. The Relationship between Technological Investments and GDP Energy Consumption
6.4. The Relationship between Independent Innovation and GDP Energy Consumption
6.5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix
References
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Samples | Minimum | Maximum | Average | Variance | Correlation of GDP Consumption | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Significance | Pearson | ||||||
1. GDP energy consumption (ton SEC/10,000 yuan) | 32 | 0.73 | 8.10 | 3.31 | 5.81 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
2. R&D/GDP (%) | 32 | 0.48 | 2.81 | 1.48 | 0.38 | 0.000 | −0.886 ** |
3. Investment of technological activities/GDP (%) | 25 | 2.86 | 5.05 | 4.33 | 0.36 | 0.000 | −0.853 ** |
4. Contribution rate of technological progress (%) | 16 | 37.47 | 63.89 | 50.98 | 82.67 | 0.000 | −0.944 ** |
5. Investment of imported technology/GDP (%) | 30 | 0.13 | 22.02 | 5.50 | 48.16 | 0.000 | −0.644 ** |
6. FDI/GDP (%) | 29 | 0.02 | 13.99 | 5.07 | 16.68 | 0.000 | −0.727 ** |
7. Number of patent application/Investment of R&D (per million RMB) | 25 | 0.32 | 1.61 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.114 | −0.324 |
8. Number of science & technology achievements /Investment of R&D (per million RMB) | 32 | 0.05 | 5.26 | 1.53 | 2.52 | 0.000 | 0.930 ** |
Samples | Minimum | Maximum | Average | Variance | Correlation of GDP Energy Consumption | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Significance | Pearson | ||||||
GDP energy consumption (ton SEC/10,000 yuan) | 21 | 1.32 | 8.10 | 4.52 | 4.519 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
R&D/GDP (%) | 21 | 0.48 | 1.57 | 1.13 | 0.128 | 0.000 | −0.916 ** |
Investment of technological activities/GDP (%) | 14 | 2.86 | 4.93 | 4.08 | 0.404 | 0.000 | −0.951 ** |
Investment of imported technology/GDP (%) | 19 | 0.13 | 2.90 | 1.32 | 0.623 | 0.000 | −0.866 ** |
FDI/GDP (%) | 18 | 0.02 | 13.99 | 4.55 | 26.134 | 0.000 | −0.904 ** |
Number of patent application/Investment of R&D (per million RMB) | 14 | 0.10 | 0.31 | 0.19 | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.945 ** |
Number of science & technology achievements /Investment of R&D (per million RMB) | 21 | 0.23 | 5.26 | 2.27 | 2.216 | 0.000 | 0.874 ** |
Number of Samples | Minimum | Maximum | Average | Variance | Correlation of GDP Energy Consumption | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
significance | Pearson | ||||||
GDP energy consumption (ton SEC/10,000 yuan) | 11 | 0.73 | 1.27 | 1.00 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
R&D/GDP (%) | 11 | 1.58 | 2.81 | 2.16 | 0.158 | 0.000 | −0.992 ** |
Investment of technological activities/GDP (%) | 11 | 4.13 | 5.05 | 4.66 | 0.118 | 0.044 | +0.614 * |
Investment of imported technology/GDP (%) | 11 | 1.82 | 22.02 | 12.72 | 47.954 | 0.145 | −0.469 |
FDI/GDP (%) | 11 | 4.63 | 7.25 | 5.93 | 0.989 | 0.026 | +0.663 ** |
Number of patent application/Investment of R&D (per million RMB) | 11 | 0.45 | 1.61 | 1.18 | 0.097 | 0.155 | −0.459 |
Number of science & technology achievements/Investment of R&D (per million RMB) | 11 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.002 | 0.000 | +0.965 ** |
Contribution rate of technological progress (%) | 11 | 47.16 | 63.80 | 56.09 | 29.414 | 0.000 | −0.987 ** |
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Wei, W.X.; Chen, D.; Hu, D. Study on the Evolvement of Technology Development and Energy Efficiency—A Case Study of the Past 30 Years of Development in Shanghai. Sustainability 2016, 8, 457. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8050457
Wei WX, Chen D, Hu D. Study on the Evolvement of Technology Development and Energy Efficiency—A Case Study of the Past 30 Years of Development in Shanghai. Sustainability. 2016; 8(5):457. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8050457
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei, William X., Dezhi Chen, and Daiping Hu. 2016. "Study on the Evolvement of Technology Development and Energy Efficiency—A Case Study of the Past 30 Years of Development in Shanghai" Sustainability 8, no. 5: 457. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8050457