Redesigning Terraced Social Housing in the UK for Flexibility Using Building Energy Simulation with Consideration of Passive Design
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Flexible Housing
1.2. Support, Infill and Open Building
2. Approach, Methodology and Analysis
2.1. Early Design Stage
2.2. Passive House Planning
2.3. Building Simulation
Compact HVAC | |
HVAC systems is defined parametrically and modeled within EnergyPlus using Compact HVAC descriptions with a CAV (constant air volume) | |
Natural Ventilation | |
Natural Ventilation and infiltration air flow rates is calculated based on opening and crack, sizes, buoyancy, wind pressure and the activity schedules | |
Mechanical Ventilation | |
Mechanical ventilation utilized in the flexible housing design has an ac/h (air change per hour) rate of 0.4, as required by the Passivhaus standard with an outside air definition method set for zone | |
Fans | |
Night cycle control | Cycle on control zone |
Fan placement | Blow through |
Part-load power coefficients | Variable speed motor |
Fan type | Intake |
Pressure rise (pa) | 1000.0 |
Total efficiency (%) | 85.0 |
Fan motor in air (%) | 100.0 |
Outside air definition method | Minimum fresh air (Per area) |
Outside air mixing | Recirculation |
Outside air control minimum flow type | Proportional |
Heat Recovery | |
Heat recovery type | Sensible |
Sensible Heat Recovery Effectiveness | 0.800 |
Heating set-point temperature | 15.00 |
Domestic Hot Water (DHW) | |
Type | Dedicated DHW boiler |
DHW CoP | 0.85 |
Fuel | Biomass |
Water Temperatures | |
Delivery temperature (°C) | 65.00 |
Mains supply temperature (°C) | 10.00 |
Activity | |
| |
Construction | |
DesignBuilder uses construction components to model the conduction of heat through walls, roofs, ground and other opaque parts of the building envelope. Using the construction data, the physical properties of each element have been defined for the building (e.g., external wall, party wall, interior wall, roof, floors and ground floor). The same is true for windows and doors that can be selected from a well-provided library. |
3. Results and Discussions
Dimensions | Meters (m) |
---|---|
Width | 6.4 |
Depth | 9.0 |
Floor Height | 2.4 |
Type of Unit | Mid-terraced House |
Number of Floors | Ground + 2 |
Number of Bedrooms | 4 |
Floor Area | 170 m2 |
Climate Data | Leeds/Bradford (UK) |
Total Energy Demand | Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emission |
---|---|
10,880 kWh/year | 7493 kg/year |
64 kWh/m2 | 44 kg/m2 |
Total Energy Demand | Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emission |
---|---|
13,358 kWh/year * | 6833 kg/year * |
~104 kWh/m2 | ~244 kg/m2 |
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
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Altan, H.; Gasperini, N.; Moshaver, S.; Frattari, A. Redesigning Terraced Social Housing in the UK for Flexibility Using Building Energy Simulation with Consideration of Passive Design. Sustainability 2015, 7, 5488-5507. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7055488
Altan H, Gasperini N, Moshaver S, Frattari A. Redesigning Terraced Social Housing in the UK for Flexibility Using Building Energy Simulation with Consideration of Passive Design. Sustainability. 2015; 7(5):5488-5507. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7055488
Chicago/Turabian StyleAltan, Hasim, Nicola Gasperini, Sam Moshaver, and Antonio Frattari. 2015. "Redesigning Terraced Social Housing in the UK for Flexibility Using Building Energy Simulation with Consideration of Passive Design" Sustainability 7, no. 5: 5488-5507. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7055488