Cultural Heritage as a Catalyst for Sustainable Urban Regeneration: The Case of Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
1. Introduction
Global Relevance of Tarout Island’s Case Study
2. Literature Review
2.1. Urban Regeneration
2.2. Heritage-Based Urban Regeneration
2.3. Case Studies on Heritage-Based Urban Regeneration
2.3.1. Global Case Study: Preserving the Historic Center of Malaga, Spain
2.3.2. Regional Case Study: The Historic Old Saida, Lebanon
2.3.3. Local Case Study: Historic Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
2.3.4. A Comparative Analysis of Heritage-Based Urban Regeneration Case Studies
2.3.5. Lessons Learned and Global Applicability
3. Materials and Methods
4. Tarout Island: A Legacy of History, Culture, and Challenges
4.1. Ancient History and Trade Significance
4.2. Islamic Era and Cultural Evolution
4.3. Historical Landmarks and Architecture
4.4. Socio-Economic Landscape
4.5. Urbanization and Infrastructure Challenges
4.6. Environmental Concerns and Climate Impact
4.7. Heritage Conservation Challenges
5. Discussion
5.1. The Role of Heritage-Based Urban Regeneration in Tarout Island
5.2. Sustainable Tourism as a Tool for Economic Development
5.3. Community Involvement in Regeneration Planning
- Community Co-Design Workshops: Regular workshops using HCD methods like brainstorming, persona development, and prototyping to involve residents in designing heritage trails, public spaces, and adaptive reuse projects. For example, workshops could focus on co-creating heritage trails that highlight local stories, ensuring cultural authenticity.
- Digital Feedback Platforms: Online portals or mobile apps for residents to provide continuous feedback on regeneration projects, with iterative updates based on community input. These platforms can use HCD’s journey mapping to track resident experiences and identify pain points in the regeneration process.
- Citizen Advisory Panels: Permanent resident-led panels to monitor and guide regeneration efforts, ensuring sustained input. HCD’s stakeholder mapping can ensure the representation of diverse groups, such as youth, artisans, and elders, to address varied needs.
- Empathy Mapping Exercises: Conduct sessions to understand residents’ emotional and cultural attachments to Tarout’s heritage, informing sensitive planning decisions. For instance, empathy maps could reveal preferences for preserving traditional markets, guiding adaptive reuse plans.
5.4. Adaptive Reuse of Heritage Structures for Economic and Cultural Revitalization
5.5. Integrating Environmental Sustainability into Regeneration Efforts
6. Proposed Framework for Heritage-Based Urban Regeneration in Tarout Island
6.1. Key Components of the Proposed Framework
6.1.1. Cultural Heritage Preservation and Adaptive Reuse
6.1.2. Sustainable Tourism Development
6.1.3. Community Participation and Stakeholder Engagement
6.1.4. Infrastructure and Urban Design Integration
6.1.5. Environmental Sustainability and Climate Resilience
6.2. Implementation Strategy
6.2.1. Short-Term Initiatives (1–3 Years)
6.2.2. Medium-Term Goals (3–7 Years)
6.2.3. Long-Term Vision (7+ Years)
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Case Study | Objectives | Methods | Challenges | Sustainability Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Malaga, Spain | Revitalize historic center, boost tourism | Adaptive reuse, pedestrianization, cultural investments | Gentrification, resident displacement | Economic growth, cultural hub, but social inequities |
Old Saida, Lebanon | Preserve historic core, promote tourism | Heritage trail, artisan integration, site restoration | Limited infrastructure, uneven community benefits | Cultural preservation, tourism growth, but local exclusion |
Historic Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | Restore UNESCO site, align with Vision 2030 | Adaptive reuse, pedestrian zones, cultural tourism | Funding constraints, resident resistance | Heritage preservation, tourism boost, national alignment |
Luanda, Angola | Integrate heritage into urban planning | Heritage Set mapping, mixed-use development | Weak legal enforcement, low public awareness | Economic growth, community cohesion, ongoing conservation |
Famagusta, Northern Cyprus | Preserve coastal heritage, enhance community identity | Community workshops, eco-friendly restoration, heritage trails | Funding shortages, land use conflicts | Cultural identity, environmental resilience, tourism appeal |
Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia | Preserve cultural heritage, promote sustainable development | Adaptive reuse, community co-design, eco-tourism, mangrove conservation | Weak legal enforcement, funding constraints, over-commercialization risks | (Proposed) cultural preservation, community empowerment, environmental resilience |
Document Type | Title | Source | Relevance |
---|---|---|---|
Policy Document | Saudi Vision 2030 | Saudi Arabia (2016) [2] | Provides the national framework for heritage conservation and tourism development relevant to Tarout Island. |
Academic Article | Urban Regeneration and the Search for Identity in Historic Cities | Boussaa (2017), Sustainability [10] | Discusses heritage-based urban regeneration in the Gulf, applicable to Tarout’s context. |
Institutional Report | Qatif City Profile | UN-Habitat (2019) [1] | Offers detailed insights into Tarout Island’s urban and heritage challenges. |
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Aldossary, M.J.; Alqahtany, A.M.; Alshammari, M.S. Cultural Heritage as a Catalyst for Sustainable Urban Regeneration: The Case of Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia. Sustainability 2025, 17, 4431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104431
Aldossary MJ, Alqahtany AM, Alshammari MS. Cultural Heritage as a Catalyst for Sustainable Urban Regeneration: The Case of Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia. Sustainability. 2025; 17(10):4431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104431
Chicago/Turabian StyleAldossary, Maryam J., Ali M. Alqahtany, and Maher S. Alshammari. 2025. "Cultural Heritage as a Catalyst for Sustainable Urban Regeneration: The Case of Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia" Sustainability 17, no. 10: 4431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104431
APA StyleAldossary, M. J., Alqahtany, A. M., & Alshammari, M. S. (2025). Cultural Heritage as a Catalyst for Sustainable Urban Regeneration: The Case of Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia. Sustainability, 17(10), 4431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104431