Innovative Development and Practice of Digital Rural Governance Model Based on Green Ecology

Abstract

Rural governance is an important issue that cannot be ignored in China’s modernization drive. It is not only related to the stability and development of grassroots society, but also to the rise and fall of a nation. The modernization and evolution of rural governance is the foundation of understanding rural social governance, and it is also an important part of current rural social management. Based on the simplification of the current rural traditional governance model, this paper conducts research on its innovative development based on the theory of green ecology. After more than 30 years of practice, the current rural governance model has greatly promoted the democratization of grassroots society. After profound adjustment and changes in the economic and social structure, the existing rural governance model is also faced with problems that urgently need to be solved. Rural grassroots informatization management takes the village as the center and uses modern information technology and communication technology for management. On the basis of the analysis, it can be concluded that the efficiency of rural information through digital display was as high as 60%, and the information could be conveyed to everyone more intuitively and clearly. The rural governance model would also receive a qualitative leap forward. Therefore, the work of rural governance has a long way to go. It is necessary to mobilize the masses, publicize to the masses, give full play to the enthusiasm and initiative of the masses, ensure that farmers exercise their right to participate in the environment according to the law, and implement a new model of government investment, joint participation among farmers, and the linkage of government and farmers, in order to promote rural ecological civilization, and promote the construction of beautiful countryside.

1. Introduction

The concept of “rural revitalization” was clearly expressed in the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and was written into the party constitution. Xi Jinping emphasized that “rural revitalization” should be taken as a major task, which must be coordinated and scientifically promoted as a whole. It is necessary to realize the revitalization of industry, talents, culture, ecology and organization. Xi Jinping stressed the need to strengthen rural ecological construction and adhere to green development. It is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive improvement of the rural environment, and further promote the three-year action of rural environment improvement and the “toilet revolution”. It is necessary to improve rural infrastructure and build new homes that are harmonious and livable. Excellent ecological construction should be taken as the pillar of rural revitalization. This is basically to promote the development of biological development and greening in rural areas. The assumption of green biology is sticking to the path of green change, properly dealing with financial change and ensuring the natural climate; taking the road of green change and seeking green prosperity, so that people can truly feel the ecological advantages brought about by financial change; taking the green cycle, taking the road of the green cycle and low-carbon improvement, and letting the concept of green progress become the cognitive activity of every citizen. Based on the concept of green ecology, in this paper, practical research was conducted on the innovation and development of digital rural governance models. This research has certain reference significance.

The rural governance model is a major topic in the modernization process of rural social governance in China, and it is currently also a hot topic in academic circles. Wijiyanto conducted research on the development and design of public wireless Internet [1]. Banabera G’s study focused on analyzing the development of the Gedarana district in Kupang City and proposed digital village governance innovations to improve public services. The purpose was to identify and analyze the implementation of digital village innovation, the factors that influence it, and the strategies adopted to overcome obstacles [2]. Wu P proposed a smart model for rural planning to build a digital platform connecting agriculture and industry through big data. The process starts with building a big data agricultural platform, and then planning and designing the physical environment of the smart village. The third stage is to create a multi-industry alliance cooperation model [3]. Kurnianti A W proposed that a growing tourist village needs a marketing communication strategy in the digital age, with the aim of effectively and efficiently increasing tourist visits [4]. Previous research has achieved good results, but with the continuous advancement of science and technology, the digital rural governance model needs to be further improved. The construction of grassroots services under system modeling can achieve this development demand.

Many scholars have carried out relatively comprehensive research on propositions such as rural informatization. Chengrun J I took Yidukou Town, Lingcheng District, Shandong Province as a case, and discussed the application system framework and main measures of digital rural areas in rural areas. He also discussed the mode and path of digital rural empowerment of rural revitalization [5]. Based on village-level survey data in rural China and the Heckit method, Peng C found that rural e-commerce has a significant positive impact on rural income [6]. Bu H analyzed the mechanism and implementation bottleneck of blockchain technology, and put forward countermeasures and policy suggestions to improve the efficiency of village governance [7]. Niu Y conducted research on the mobile network public platform in western rural areas and considered it to be a public digital community. The public sphere of this digital community can transform “half-acquaintances” into an “acquaintance society”, thus forming the inner order of the village [8]. The above constitute some of the scholars’ own analyses and research on villages. This article is based on some research performed on villages using the information system.

From the above research work, it can be seen that the exploration of rustic administration models has been ongoing. To settle the ongoing data cooperation and administration issues that exist in rustic grassroots administration, present-day data innovation is utilized to completely coordinate the ongoing country grassroots data assets and data association frameworks. A top-to-bottom discussion is provided for each aspect of this activity, as well as the logical administration model and business processes in accordance with the ongoing provincial grassroots administration model.

2. Approaches to the Evaluation of Digital Rural Governance Models

2.1. Overview of Digital Village

Rural areas, also known as “villages”, is a term that refers to social groups whose main economic activities are agriculture [9]. This article is addresses the traditional governance model of Chinese villages, using the concept of green ecology to study it.

2.2. Theoretical Basis and Technical Route of Digitization

Rural management informatization refers to the use of modern information technology and means to integrate, develop, utilize and share rural information, improve the level of rural management and the integrated service of rural resources, and improve the level of rural management and service. This system is based on client/server (C/S) and uses Visual Studio 2008 as the main development platform. The NET framework is a dynamic, interactive development framework. This article uses the C/S model and uses enterprise Visual Studio 2008 as a platform to conduct a comprehensive analysis. The .NET framework is a dynamic interactive application system based on the network. On the basis of an investigation of the system, this paper divides the system into six functional modules: system management, population management, village affairs management, party affairs management, financial management, and collaborative organization management. There are three data and personalization modules, including server–client, that is, the C/S architecture. The C/S architecture is generally divided into two levels. The server is responsible for data management, while the client interacts with the user.

2.2.1. C/S Structure

C/S is short for client/server. C/S mode is a computer-based software architecture, which includes two parts. Some are installed on the server, and some are installed on the client. The software functions of the two parts are different, but the software on the user side is the same. The software under the C/S architecture has good security performance, strong function, and low scalability and applicability. At present, the C/S model has been widely used in e-mail, BBSs (Bulletin Board Systems), and other fields [10].

2.2.2. C/S Three-Tier Architecture

The three-tier C/S structure divides the application software into three levels. The basis of partitioning is to logically separate each unit and to clearly divide the functions. The means of splitting is to separate the functions that have nothing to do with the original data layer and logic into the DBMS (Database Management System). The core of the three-level C/S architecture is to divide the two levels into different programs. In the process of division, the interface should be simplified as much as possible [11].

The three-tier C/S architecture has the following advantages:

In terms of security, the three-level C/S system structure adopts a strict security management mechanism, and has made more complex settings for important application software, user identity, reading, and writing operations. The user authentication mechanism is a hierarchical structure, and corresponding application and data access permissions are set according to different levels. In addition, the three-level structure of the C/S system makes it easy to implement support for various databases, and has good practical value. On the basis of Microsoft’s .NET framework, a general vehicle maintenance management system, is developed, and its architecture is shown in Figure 1.

In accordance with the above analysis, this project adopts the C/S model. The system adopts a three-level architecture, and further expands and divides the original two C/S architectures to separate the business logic from the data access layer. This not only facilitates operation by the user, but also facilitates the updating and maintenance of the software. The role of modern information technology in rural social governance can not only increase the breadth and depth of villagers’ participation in governance, integrate various governance subjects and governance resources, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of social forces to participate extensively, it can also promote the optimization of rural social governance structures and strengthen rural social governance. The driving force for sustainable development of rural society. Informatization is changing the form of rural governance. Beautiful Countryside fully considers all aspects of economic and social development and grassroots governance, and applies digital technology to the practical application of rural governance, solving the difficulties and difficulties of rural governance, realizing the sharing of data and resources at the three levels of counties and villages, and committing to promoting the modernization process of rural governance.

2.2.3. SQL Server

SQL Server is a relational database management system produced by Microsoft Corporation and used by small and medium-sized enterprises. Since the 1980s, Microsoft has recognized the importance of databases and has been developing and improving SQL Server. In the past two decades, the release and processing capabilities of SQL Server have been greatly improved. Its operating mode has also become more flexible and user friendly, and it has inherited Microsoft’s operating system and software system. Therefore, SQL Server databases occupy a large share of the market, and they are also the first choice of many small and medium-sized enterprises [12]. This article adopted SQL Server 2008 as the database management system. In addition, the centralized database led to the model bein green and ecological.

2.2.4. Models for Digital Optimization Problems

Almost any kind of optimization problem can be reduced to a mathematical model: to find the maximum value of a set of functions. The optimization problem involves finding the optimal solution under the premise of satisfying the constraints of the system model and the boundary conditions. Its mathematical description is as follows:

(1)

System model—algebraic equations;

(2)

System boundary—variable value range;

(3)

Optimal target—used to measure the optimal indicator, that is, the indicator function;

(4)

Independent variable—its change would have an impact on the value of the optimal target.

That is to say, the optimization problem involves solving for the optimal solution under the given constraints, so that the maximum value of the exponential function is obtained.

A simple mathematical model of the optimization problem is:

$$\mathrm{minf}\left(\chi ), \mathrm{s}.\mathrm{t}. g_i\right(\chi ) \le 0,$$

(1)

$$h_j\left(\chi \right)=0$$

(2)

where $\chi$ refers to the optimal vector and f refers to the target function. $g_i$, $h_j$ refer to limit functions. Correspondingly, $g_i$($\chi$)$\le 0$ and $h_j$($\chi$) = 0 denote inequality constraints and equation constraints, respectively, and the equations and inequalities combined are called constraints.

In general, the constraints can be written as:

$$g(x_1, x_2,\cdots ,x_n, u_1, u_2,\cdots ,u_r)=0$$

(3)

This method refers to the best control of what kind of target under what kind of constraints.

In this way, the objective function can also be expressed as:

$$F(x_1, x_2,\cdots ,x_n, u_1, u_2,\cdots ,u_r)=0$$

(4)

In Formula (4), f is a specific nonlinear function, and represents the ultimate goal of the optimization problem.

Restrictions

(1)

Control system: represents the specific objective of optimal control and is usually expressed by a controllable system equation:

$$\chi = g(\chi , u, t)$$

(5)

or it can be expressed as:

$$\chi - g(\chi , u, t) = 0$$

(6)

Among them, $\chi ϵ{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{n}}$, and u $ϵ{\mathrm{R}}^{\mathrm{n}}$.

(2)

Limit variables: usually there are two types of constraints: equality and inequality.

The equality constraint is:

$$\phi (u_1, u_2, \cdots ,u_r)=0, i=1,2,\cdots ,q$$

(7)

where ${\phi }_i$ is a specific nonlinear function, and represents a space of one dimension.

The inequality constraints are:

$$u_{min}\le u\le u_{max}$$

(8)

$${\phi }_{imin}\le \phi \left(u_1, u_2, \cdots , u_r\right)\le {\phi }_{imax}$$

(9)

Inequality constraints can be converted to equation constraints by taking advantage of new variables. When a new variable is introduced into Formula (8), the inequality constraints can be transformed into equation constraints:

$$(u-u_{min}\left)\right(u_{max} ) - a^2=0$$

(10)

Similarly, a new variable is introduced in Formula (9), which can be converted into an equality constraint:

$$({\phi }_{imin}-{\phi }_i\left)\right({\phi }_i-{\phi }_{imax}) - {\gamma }_i^2=0$$

(11)

It is easy to prove that Formulas (10) and (11) are equivalent to Formulas (8) and (9). In order for $\mathrm{a}$ and $\gamma$ to be real numbers, the criteria of Equations (8) and (9) must be met.

Objective Function

The objective function is a mathematical expression given according to the purpose to be achieved under the condition that these constraints are met.

(1)

Linear objective function

There is a linear relationship between these objective functions and the quantities to be solved.

(2)

Nonlinear objective function

The objective function of this method has a nonlinear relationship with the quantity to be determined.

(3)

Objective function with integral term

In the optimization design of the dynamic system, the objective function with integral term is often encountered, and its form is:

$$J=S\left[\chi \left(t_f\right)\right]+(x, u, t)\mathrm{dt}$$

(12)

In Formula (12), x is the state vector of the control system, and u is the controlled vector; $t_f$ is the end time. S, f are nonlinear functions, and both methods can reflect the needs of the end point and the moving process [13].

The selection of the objective function mainly depends on the main contradiction and control quality of the optimization problem. At the same time, considering the concerns of designers, the same problem would also lead to changes in the objective function, so a clear and unified objective function model cannot be given. Only a comprehensive model can be given, and then trade-offs and modifications can be made in practice.

2.3. System Use Case Evaluation

In requirements analysis, the application of a case analysis is the first step in building a system model [14]. In the analysis of system participants, four kinds of system user were found: system administrators, village committee administrators, household heads, and financial personnel. These four types of people can operate within a certain range, but in the operation of the system, the characters and users involved are not equal, so its participants should also be analyzed. This study found that the system was divided into three types: household heads, ordinary villagers, and party members.

The system use case diagram is shown in Figure 2.

Furthermore, it is classified according to the characteristics of each business process in the system. These six modules do not intersect with each other in function, and each has its own independent role [15].

The following is a use case analysis of several typical modules.

(1)

System management

System management is the management of the routine maintenance of the system. The daily operation management of the management system mainly includes setting system parameters, assigning user rights, daily operation management, technical support, etc. System administrators have the highest authority to use the system.

The use case analysis of system management is shown in Figure 3.

(2)

Party affairs management

The use case analysis of party affairs management is shown in Figure 4.

In view of the fact that each township is currently carrying out service and management work under the leadership of the party, the management of party affairs must be regarded as an important measure of institutional performance, reflecting the care and concern of our party for rural residents [16]. The function of party affairs management is to carry out comprehensive and information-based management of the work of the whole party.

(3)

Cooperative organization management

At present, China’s grassroots villages have basically formed a horizontal cooperative organization. If the universality of the system is to be enhanced, the management function of the cooperative must be reflected. Cooperative organization management mainly includes: member management, large industrial household management, supplier management, purchase management, pre-purchase registration management, pre-sale registration management, pre-sale registration management, and pre-sale transaction management [17].

The use-case analysis of cooperative organization management is shown in Figure 5.

This article started from six aspects: system management, population management, village affairs management, party affairs management, financial management, and cooperative organization management, and expounds on the overall working mechanism of the system management system. This paper analyzes the typical function modules and designs a use case diagram.

3. Experiments on the Digital Rural Governance Model

There are two important problems in rural areas that urgently need to be solved:

Responsibility matching problem. The township government has little power and a great number of responsibilities, while the power of planning approval and construction permission belongs to the county government. When encountering illegal activities such as farmland encroachment, random construction, and random rowing, the township must supervise the rectification of the situation, but has no right to enforce the law. The reality of rural relations is distorted. Township governments and village committees have no administrative affiliations, but the former are used to using the latter as their own “leg”, and assigning tasks at will. In practice, village committees, as villagers’ self-government organizations, undertake part of the work functions that should be undertaken by township governments according to law, and there are certain administrative tendencies and cultural issues. Through the deconstruction of local culture, the traditional virtues of the local culture have not been effectively inherited, and stereotypes such as showing off wealth, along with extravagance and waste, are on the rise. Advanced culture needs to be developed urgently, and the countryside has become a “semi-acquainted society”, which urgently needs to promote the transformation of customs, cultivate a culture of rule of law, and establish a sense of rules. There is also a lack of spiritual and cultural life, with villagers participating in few mass spiritual and cultural activities, with rigid and unvaried forms, especially in remote areas.

On the basis of our investigation, and in combination with existing characteristics, an optimization analysis was performed with respect to the function module and business process, thus determining the system demand. Based on the C/S model and using the .NET framework development technology, a dynamic interactive application system was developed. The overall structural design and specific design of the entire system were carried out on the basis of the demand analysis [18].

3.1. Overall Structure Design of the System

On the whole, the system adopts a three-tier C/S system structure, and provides a set of integrated solutions for rural grassroots service and management. Due to the design of the C/S structure, it has been widely used in the MISs (Management Information Systems) of large and medium-sized enterprises.

The overall architecture of the system is shown in Figure 6.

After using the three-tier C/S architecture shown in Figure 6, the development work on the server side is relatively easy, mainly as a result of the design and writing of the client software. The client is based on .NET technology. Therefore, the three-layer C/S architecture is adopted, which is able to achieve flexibility, scalability and efficiency [19].

3.2. System Management Module Design

The system management module is responsible for the technical maintenance of the daily operation of the system by the administrator, as well as maintenance and regular updates when the system fails. System administrators have the highest authority to use the system. The flow of the system management module is shown in Figure 7.

3.2.1. Design of the Party Affairs Management Module

At present, China’s rural grassroots service management work is carried out under the leadership of the party, and it covers a very wide range of activities. In this system, party affairs management is mainly composed of six major aspects: party member management, party member development management, party member dynamic management, assistance management for needy households, social assistance management, special care management, and social security management [20].

The process of the party affairs management module is shown in Figure 8.

3.2.2. Section: Digitized Rural Information Sheet

At present, grassroots villages in China have basically formed a horizontal cooperative organizational structure. If the universality of this system is to be enhanced, the management function of the cooperative organization must be reflected. The operation and management of cooperatives primarily consists of member management, large industrial household management, supplier management, purchase management, pre-purchase registration management, pre-sale registration management, pre-sale registration management, and pre-sale transaction management.

The administrative department of the village committee is responsible for the operation of the collaborative organization, and the main tasks include data entry, editing, and modification. Residents can confirm the information registered in the system. In case of disagreement, corrections may be proposed to the relevant system users [21,22].

The flow of the cooperative organization management module is shown in Figure 9.

3.3. Database Design for the Information System

Database design is the key point in system design [23]. The quality of database design is directly related to the effect of data storage and query of the whole system. This system uses Microsoft SQL Server 2008 as the database management platform. The design of the database is divided into two parts: conceptual and entity design.

3.3.1. Database Concept Design

Conceptual design is the design of the conceptual model of the database. The purpose of this stage is to look at the final construction of the database system from the user’s point of view, and the result of the conceptual design is the real database application scenario [24]. The conceptual design of the database uses an E-R (entity-relationship) diagram to describe the various entities contained in the database and their relationships. The conceptual design is independent of the specific database implementation environment.

The E-R diagram of the system is shown in Figure 10.

3.3.2. Rural Information Display Table Obtained by Digitization

The entity design of the database converts the design results of the database into a data type that can be provided by a database management system. The current database is mainly a relational database, so the conceptual E-R diagram is converted into a two-dimensional table structure that the database management system can support. For this system, Microsoft SQL Server 2008 was chosen as the database management system. Six kinds of information comprise the results of rural governance and the impact after optimization through green ecological theory.

On the basis of digital research in rural areas, the following rural management information data were obtained [25]. The data are highly comprehensive and specific, as shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Table 6 and Table 7.

(1)

Village committee information display form (Committee)

The village committee information table is an important part of the village committee, and its table structure is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Village committee information form committee structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
cID	uniqueidentifier	20	member number	PK
Name	varchar	50	member name	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
cBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth
cEducation	varchar	20	educational level
cPolitical	varchar	20	political status	non empty
cWork	varchar	40	job title
cTel	varchar	20	Telephone	non empty
cRemark	varchar	500	Remark

Table 1. Village committee information form committee structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
cID	uniqueidentifier	20	member number	PK
Name	varchar	50	member name	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
cBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth
cEducation	varchar	20	educational level
cPolitical	varchar	20	political status	non empty
cWork	varchar	40	job title
cTel	varchar	20	Telephone	non empty
cRemark	varchar	500	Remark

(2)

Family information display form (Family)

The family data table is mainly used to store family related information, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Family information table family structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
fID	uniqueidentifier	20	family number	PK
fName	varchar	50	Householder	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
fIDType	varchar	8	The nature of household registration
fGroup	varchar	20	production team
fTel	varchar	20	contact number
fHhandPhone	varchar	20	cell phone	FK
fNo	varchar	20	house number	non empty
fNumber	varchar	10	family size	non empty
fCoopNumber	varchar	10	number of rural cooperatives
fBirthControl	char	2	family planning household
fRemark	varchar	500	Remark

Table 2. Family information table family structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
fID	uniqueidentifier	20	family number	PK
fName	varchar	50	Householder	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
fIDType	varchar	8	The nature of household registration
fGroup	varchar	20	production team
fTel	varchar	20	contact number
fHhandPhone	varchar	20	cell phone	FK
fNo	varchar	20	house number	non empty
fNumber	varchar	10	family size	non empty
fCoopNumber	varchar	10	number of rural cooperatives
fBirthControl	char	2	family planning household
fRemark	varchar	500	Remark

(3)

Personnel information display form (Resident)

The personnel data table is mainly used to store family-related data, as shown in Table 3.

Table 3. Structure of personnel information table (Resident) structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
fID	uniqueidentifier	20	personnel number	PK
Name	varchar	50	person’s name
fName	varchar	50	householder	FK
fRelationship	varchar	10	relationship with head of household	non empty
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
rBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth	non empty
rMarry	varchar	4	marital status
rEducation	varchar	20	educational level	non empty
rPolitical	varchar	20	political status
rWork	varchar	40	occupation
rTel	varchar	20	telephone
rCoopNumber	varchar	10	whether rural cooperative
rBirthControl	char	2	family planning
rRemark	varchar	500	remarks

Table 3. Structure of personnel information table (Resident) structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
fID	uniqueidentifier	20	personnel number	PK
Name	varchar	50	person’s name
fName	varchar	50	householder	FK
fRelationship	varchar	10	relationship with head of household	non empty
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
rBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth	non empty
rMarry	varchar	4	marital status
rEducation	varchar	20	educational level	non empty
rPolitical	varchar	20	political status
rWork	varchar	40	occupation
rTel	varchar	20	telephone
rCoopNumber	varchar	10	whether rural cooperative
rBirthControl	char	2	family planning
rRemark	varchar	500	remarks

(4)

Household property information display form (Assets)

The family property information table is used to store information related to family property, and the table structure is shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Structure of household assets information sheet (Assets).

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
fID	uniqueidentifier	20	family number	PK
fName	varchar	50	householder	FK
aStructure	varchar	10	house structure	non empty
aArea	varchar	10	living area
aStruArea	char	10	construction area	non empty
aLandArea	varchar	10	cultivated area	non empty
aForrArea	varchar	10	forest area
aViechelType	varchar	8	vehicle type
aViechelNum	varchar	10	number of vehicles
aFarmType	varchar	8	agricultural machinery type
aFarmNum	varchar	10	number of agricultural machinery
aRemark	varchar	500	remarks

Table 4. Structure of household assets information sheet (Assets).

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
fID	uniqueidentifier	20	family number	PK
fName	varchar	50	householder	FK
aStructure	varchar	10	house structure	non empty
aArea	varchar	10	living area
aStruArea	char	10	construction area	non empty
aLandArea	varchar	10	cultivated area	non empty
aForrArea	varchar	10	forest area
aViechelType	varchar	8	vehicle type
aViechelNum	varchar	10	number of vehicles
aFarmType	varchar	8	agricultural machinery type
aFarmNum	varchar	10	number of agricultural machinery
aRemark	varchar	500	remarks

(5)

Information display form for women of childbearing age (Pregnant)

The data table for women of childbearing age is mainly used to store data of childbearing age, and its structure is shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Structure of information sheet for women of childbearing age (Pregnant).

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
pID	uniqueidentifier	20	personnel number	PK
pName	varchar	50	person’s name	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
fName	varchar	50	householder	FK
fRelationship	varchar	10	relationship with head of household	non empty
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
pBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth	non empty
pMarry	varchar	4	marital status	non empty
pEducation	varchar	20	health status	non empty
pPolitical	varchar	4	whether they go out	non empty
pWork	varchar	40	occupation
pAnPre	uniqueidentifier	20	contraception	non empty
pRemark	varchar	500	remark

Table 5. Structure of information sheet for women of childbearing age (Pregnant).

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
pID	uniqueidentifier	20	personnel number	PK
pName	varchar	50	person’s name	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
fName	varchar	50	householder	FK
fRelationship	varchar	10	relationship with head of household	non empty
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
pBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth	non empty
pMarry	varchar	4	marital status	non empty
pEducation	varchar	20	health status	non empty
pPolitical	varchar	4	whether they go out	non empty
pWork	varchar	40	occupation
pAnPre	uniqueidentifier	20	contraception	non empty
pRemark	varchar	500	remark

(6)

Floating population information display table (TempResident)

The floating population information table is mainly used to store data related to the floating population. The table structure is shown in Table 6.

Table 6. Structure of floating population information table (TempResident).

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
tID	uniqueidentifier	20	mobile number	PK
tName	varchar	50	person’s name	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
fName	varchar	50	temporary resident name	FK
fRelationship	varchar	10	relationship with head of household	non empty
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
pBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth	non empty
tCompany	varchar	4	employer
tTel	varchar	20	contact number	non empty
pRent	varchar	4	rental situation	non empty
pWork	varchar	40	occupation	non empty
pAnPre	varchar	20	temporary residence	non empty
tID	char	18	remark	non empty
tExpireDate	datetime	8	temporary residence permit number	non empty
tFromTime	datetime	8	temporary residence permit expiration date	non empty
tFromLocal	varchar	50	when they came	non empty
tRemark	varchar	500	remarks

Table 6. Structure of floating population information table (TempResident).

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
tID	uniqueidentifier	20	mobile number	PK
tName	varchar	50	person’s name	non empty
ID	char	18	identity number	FK
fName	varchar	50	temporary resident name	FK
fRelationship	varchar	10	relationship with head of household	non empty
Sex	char	4	gender	non empty
pBirthDate	datetime	8	date of birth	non empty
tCompany	varchar	4	employer
tTel	varchar	20	contact number	non empty
pRent	varchar	4	rental situation	non empty
pWork	varchar	40	occupation	non empty
pAnPre	varchar	20	temporary residence	non empty
tID	char	18	remark	non empty
tExpireDate	datetime	8	temporary residence permit number	non empty
tFromTime	datetime	8	temporary residence permit expiration date	non empty
tFromLocal	varchar	50	when they came	non empty
tRemark	varchar	500	remarks

(7)

Transaction information display table (Affairs)

The main purpose of the transaction information table is to store transaction-related information. The design of the table structure is shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Transaction information table (Affairs) structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
afID	uniqueidentifier	20	meeting/event ID	PK
afTopic	varchar	50	activity theme	non empty
afDate	datetime	8	event date	non empty
afPlace	varchar	50	event location	non empty
afMan	varchar	20	manager	FK
afTel	char	10	contact number	non empty
afemcee	varchar	20	host	non empty
afAttendence	varchar	50	participant
afAbstract	varchar	500	abstract
afResult	varchar	100	activity effectiveness

Table 7. Transaction information table (Affairs) structure.

Field Name	Type of Data	Width	Chinese Name in English	Remark
afID	uniqueidentifier	20	meeting/event ID	PK
afTopic	varchar	50	activity theme	non empty
afDate	datetime	8	event date	non empty
afPlace	varchar	50	event location	non empty
afMan	varchar	20	manager	FK
afTel	char	10	contact number	non empty
afemcee	varchar	20	host	non empty
afAttendence	varchar	50	participant
afAbstract	varchar	500	abstract
afResult	varchar	100	activity effectiveness

It can be seen from the data in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Table 6 and Table 7 that the seven kinds of data indicate that the storage capacity of the database of the system achieves the basic requirements.

From Figure 11, it can be seen that the degree to which much of the information was displayed was generally low. The highest was 40%, for transaction information, while the lowest was only 5%, for family property information. It can be seen that the original village information display level is relatively low, and many information updates do not occur in a timely and comprehensive fashion. As a result, the external development of rural areas lags behind, and a large number of peasants pour into cities. The “empty-nest phenomenon” in rural areas is becoming more and more serious, and the situation of idle cottages and contracted land has continued to increase. The elderly, especially elderly women, have become the main force in agriculture. This has also given rise to social problems such as urban slums and urban–rural polarization. Facts have proved that the promotion of the modernization of rural governance and the improvement of the quality of life of rural residents has come to the point where the arrow has to be launched. In this paper, by digitizing the rural information system, the overall data have been improved, and the information has become more comprehensive and specific. The data are shown in Figure 12.

From Figure 12, an improvement in the degree of information display can be observed. The highest was 90%, for transaction information display, which is 50% higher than that before using the digital system; the lowest was 65%, for inform on nursing women. In this paper, the overall rural information display obtained through the research and analysis of modern digitalization reached more than 60%, and the display was more comprehensive and specific. Therefore, it is beneficial to use the digital system to govern the countryside.

On the basis of the above results, it can be observed that, before the application of the digital information system, the village’s original information display range and display level for the village are still at a relatively low rate. Afterwards, there was an increase in the extent of information displayed.

4. Results and Discussion

This article combines comprehensive rural grassroots information management system in order to analyze the functional modules and business processes of the system in detail. Then, the three-tier C/S architecture technology was used to produce a detailed design for a system, and included a presentation layer, a business layer and a data layer. The typical functional modules were elaborated in accordance with the current rural grassroots service management workflow. In this paper, a system database was designed. In order to cover all aspects of the country’s rural grassroots service management to the greatest extent possible, with the aim of achieving comprehensive consideration, many entities and attributes are involved. Some basic entities and their relations are given, and the electron-R diagram is drawn. Data modeling is based on the E-R diagram. Therefore, the rural areas should intensify the construction of modern informatization, so that every village can enjoy good development. Compared with rural governance articles, this article incorporates the concept of the green ecology into the process of rural governance. Rural areas must keep up with the development trend of the times and firmly grasp the process of the country’s socialist modernization. On the basis of national policies and material support, the problems existing in the original rural management model were identified, and the scientific democratization of rural governance was realized. As a result, rural areas are better able to enjoy the benefits arising from the new management model, thereby promoting the prosperity of rural areas. However, there are still some shortcomings to this paper. The means of data collection and sources are too isolated, so future research should devote attention to this aspect of research. “Internet” + rural governance can break down traditional governance barriers and realize all-round and multiple-angle rural governance patterns. On the one hand, collect, integrate, and upload all kinds of data resources, integrate them into public databases, strengthen the data connection between villages and various subjects, and obtain the rights to use other data in the database, so as to achieve evidence to rely on to truly realize the “socialization” of rural governance. On the other hand, the digital village system can bring more villagers into the governance system, build an information service platform, transmit information on village affairs, break through governance distance, means, media and other issues, and encourage villagers to participate in and supervise rural public affairs, adopting a combination of online and offline methods, using the collaborative linkage platform, and guiding the villagers to actively participate in discussion and decision making with respect to social affairs.