Empathy and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and General Procedure
2.2. Empathy Quotient (EQ)
2.3. 8-OH-dG (Oxidative Stress Marker) Measurements
2.4. General Health Evaluation
2.5. Hormone Measurements
2.6. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Statistics
3.2. The Relationship between Empathy Quotient, 8-OH-dG and Testosterone Levels
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Men | Women | Difference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | ||
Empathy Q | 39.92 | 11.33 | 46.04 | 9.48 | t (173) = −3.78, p < 0.001 |
8-OH-dG | 0.74 | 0.58 | 0.62 | 0.48 | t (173) = 1.55, p = 0.12 |
Testosterone | 25.82 | 9.59 | 1.79 | 4.05 | t (173) = 20.24, p < 0.001 |
Empathy Quotient | 8-OH-dG | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | Men | Women | |||||
r | p | r | p | r | p | r | p | |
8-OH-dG | −0.24 | 0.02 | −0.06 | 0.62 | ||||
Testosterone | −0.04 | 0.74 | −0.11 | 0.36 | 0.08 | 0.44 | 0.15 | 0.21 |
Men | Women | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | SE | t | p | β | SE | t | P | |
Model 1 | F(2,130) = 3.41, R2 = 0.04, p = 0.05 | F(2,89) = 0.49, R2 = 0.02, p = 0.47 | ||||||
8-OH-dG | −0.20 | 0.09 | −2.84 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.66 | 0.50 |
Testosterone | −0.03 | 0.09 | −0.03 | 0.76 | −0.12 | 0.11 | −1.22 | 0.26 |
Model 2 | F(3,97) = 2.68, R2 = 0.07, p = 0.05 | F(3,70) = 3.66, R2 = 0.025, p = 0.02 | ||||||
8-OH-dG | −3.41 | 1.26 | −2.71 | 0.008 | −0.06 | 1.60 | −0.04 | 0.97 |
Testosterone | −0.01 | 0.11 | −0.07 | 0.95 | −0.90 | 0.86 | −1.04 | 0.30 |
8-OH-dG × Testosterone 1 | −0.16 | 0.13 | −1.20 | 0.24 | 0.91 | 1.14 | 0.80 | 0.42 |
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Żelaźniewicz, A.; Nowak, J.; Groyecka, A.; Sorokowski, P.; Dobrowolska, M.; Pawłowski, B. Empathy and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4959. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124959
Żelaźniewicz A, Nowak J, Groyecka A, Sorokowski P, Dobrowolska M, Pawłowski B. Empathy and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults. Sustainability. 2020; 12(12):4959. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124959
Chicago/Turabian StyleŻelaźniewicz, Agnieszka, Judyta Nowak, Agata Groyecka, Piotr Sorokowski, Małgorzata Dobrowolska, and Bogusław Pawłowski. 2020. "Empathy and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Adults" Sustainability 12, no. 12: 4959. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124959