Warming and Dimming: Interactive Impacts on Potential Summer Maize Yield in North China Plain
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Technique Description
2.2.1. Active Accumulated Temperature (ATT)
2.2.2. Solar Radiation
2.2.3. Maize Potential Light–Temperature Productivity (PTP)
2.2.4. Climate Trend
2.2.5. Mann–Kendall (MK) Test
2.2.6. The Contribution Rate
3. Results
3.1. ATT10 and Solar Radiation at the Decadal Scale
3.2. ATT10 and Solar Radiation at the Annual Scale
3.3. Variation and Cause Analysis of PTP
4. Discussion
4.1. Climate Warming and Dimming in the NCP
4.2. The Combining Impacts of Climate Warming and Dimming on the PTP
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean Temperature (°C) | Maximum Temperature (°C) | Minimum Temperature (°C) | Relative Humidity (%) | Precipitation (mm) | Wind Speed (m/s) | Sunshine Hours (h) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average value | 23.6 | 28.7 | 19.2 | 75.0 | 469.9 | 2.3 | 831.3 |
Standard deviation | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 3.7 | 78.3 | 0.7 | 79.8 |
Stage | tmin | to | tmax |
---|---|---|---|
Initial (sowing–jointing) | 6 | 25 | 32 |
Development (jointing–heading) | 10 | 27 | 35 |
Middle (heading–start grain filling) | 15 | 27 | 34 |
Late (start grain filling–maturity) | 15 | 23 | 32 |
ATT10 °C·Day·Decade−1 | Solar Radiation MJ·m−2·Decade−1 | |
---|---|---|
Climate trend | 13.7 | −28.3 |
Number of stations with significant increasing trend (P < 0.05) | 35 | 0 |
Number of stations with significant decreasing trend (P < 0.05) | 0 | 55 |
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Hu, Q.; Ma, X.; He, H.; Pan, F.; He, Q.; Huang, B.; Pan, X. Warming and Dimming: Interactive Impacts on Potential Summer Maize Yield in North China Plain. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2588. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092588
Hu Q, Ma X, He H, Pan F, He Q, Huang B, Pan X. Warming and Dimming: Interactive Impacts on Potential Summer Maize Yield in North China Plain. Sustainability. 2019; 11(9):2588. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092588
Chicago/Turabian StyleHu, Qi, Xueqing Ma, Huayun He, Feifei Pan, Qijin He, Binxiang Huang, and Xuebiao Pan. 2019. "Warming and Dimming: Interactive Impacts on Potential Summer Maize Yield in North China Plain" Sustainability 11, no. 9: 2588. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092588