Hemodialysis Patients’ Emotional Profiles and Associated Symptomatology: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. The Study Design
2.2. The Setting
2.3. The Participants
2.4. The Study Size
2.5. Variables
- -
- Sociodemographic variables: Age, sex, and center where treatment is received. These variables were obtained from the Nefrosoft software, version 7.0.1 (Visual-limes, Valencia, Spain).
- -
- Clinical variables: Etiology of kidney disease, time on treatment, dialysis dose (Kt), interdialytic weight gain, vascular access type, and Charlson Comorbidity Index adjusted for renal disease (CCI). These variables were obtained from the Nefrosoft software and represent the average values recorded during the six months prior to the administration of the survey.
2.6. The Data Collection and Information Sources
2.7. The Statistical Analysis
2.8. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Public Involvement Statement
Guidelines and Standards Statement
Use of Artificial Intelligence
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables 1 | Total (n = 245) | Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital (n = 26) | Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (n = 26) | Villalba General University Hospital (n = 38) | Los Lauros Center (n = 22) | Getafe Center (n = 40) | Santa Engracia Center (n = 81) | Infanta Elena University Hospital (n = 12) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 63.52 [61.69–65.51] | 64.81 [59.05–70.57] | 65.15 [60.33–69.98] | 62.11 [56.94–67.27] | 65.09 [59.58–0.61] | 58.65 [53.63–3.67] | 65.17 [61.63–68.72] | 63.92 [54.97–2.86] | 0.421 |
Time on dialysis (months) | 81.44 [69.13–93.76] | 70.24 [47.13–93.35] | 121.00 [86.50–155.50] | 123.43 [80.01–166.81] | 49.96 [19.04–80.87] | 36.10 [18.59–53.61] | 72.53 [51.54–93.53] | 154.92 [79.96–229.87] | 0.012 * |
Average final Kt | 52.15 [51.05–3.38] | 47.99 [44.79–51.19] | 53.7 [48.95–57.18] | 49.13 [46.63–51.63] | 54.96 [50.40–59.51] | 56.08 [54.17–57.99] | 52.29 [50.11–54.47] | 49.56 [44.23–54.89] | 0.763 |
Average interdialytic weight gain (Kg) | 1.98 [1.87–2.05] | 2.03 [1.67–2.39] | 2.00 [1.75–2.25] | 2.05 [1.85–2.25] | 1.78 [1.35–2.22] | 1.96 [1.72–2.19] | 2.00 [1.86–2.14] | 1.93 [1.47–2.38] | 0.035 * |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | 7.68 [7.15–8.21] | 8.80 [6.79–10.81] | 8.08 [6.84–9.32] | 7.45 [6.12–8.78] | 6.38 [5.12–7.63] | 6.0 [4.30–7.70] | 7.89 [6.61–9.16] | 8.38 [5.28–11.47] | 0.192 |
Men | 161 (65.7%) | 17 (65.4%) | 19 (73.1%) | 20 (52.6%) | 14 (63.6%) | 26 (65.0%) | 55 (67.9%) | 10 (83.3%) | 0.496 |
Women | 84 (34.3%) | 9 (34.6%) | 7 (26.9%) | 18 (47.4%) | 8 (36.4%) | 14 (35.0%) | 26 (32.1%) | 2 (16.7%) | |
Permanent catheter | 69 (28.2%) | 7 (26.9%) | 9 (34.6%) | 19 (50.0%) | 7 (31.8%) | 9 (22.5%) | 15 (18.5%) | 3 (25.0%) | 0.054 |
Arteriovenous fistula | 176 (71.8%) | 19 (73.1%) | 17 (65.4%) | 19 (50.0%) | 15 (68.2%) | 31 (77.5%) | 66 (81.5%) | 9 (75.0%) | |
Type I diabetes | 8 (3.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (11.1%) | 1 (5.6%) | 3 (7.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.037 * |
Type II diabetes | 47 (20.3%) | 7 (28.0%) | 4 (16.0%) | 5 (13.9%) | 2 (11.1%) | 10 (25.0%) | 16 (20.5%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0.604 |
Cystic kidney disease, unspecified type | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | - |
Hypertensive vascular kidney disease | 24 (10.4%) | 3 (12.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 4 (11.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | 3 (7.5%) | 9 (11.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.493 |
Multisystemic diseases—other | 7 (3.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 2 (8.0%) | 2 (5.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.529 |
Glomerulonephritis | 26 (11.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (20.0%) | 3 (8.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (20.0%) | 9 (11.5%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0.097 |
Chronic kidney failure (unknown etiology) | 53 (22.9%) | 1 (4.0%) | 7 (28.0%) | 4 (11.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | 6 (15.0%) | 29 (37.2%) | 2 (22.2%) | 0.005 ** |
Tubular necrosis, cortical necrosis | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.219 |
Nephroangiosclerosis | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | - |
Hereditary nephropathy | 2 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (5.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | - |
Membranous nephropathy | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | - |
IgA nephropathy | 7 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 2 (11.1%) | 1 (2.5%) | 3 (3.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | - |
Nephropathy due to a specific drug | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.489 |
Nephropathy secondary to polycystic kidney disease | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.489 |
Other classifiable vascular kidney diseases | 3 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (5.6%) | 1 (5.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.126 |
Other specific kidney disorders | 6 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (8.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.5%) | 2 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.639 |
Traumatic or surgical kidney loss | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.489 |
Pyelonephritis/interstitial nephritis | 15 (6.5%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 3 (16.7%) | 3 (7.5%) | 5 (6.4%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0.412 |
Polycystic kidneys | 15 (6.5%) | 2 (8.0%) | 2 (8.0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 1 (5.6%) | 5 (12.5%) | 3 (3.8%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0.405 |
Renal tumors | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.219 |
Variables 1 | Sadness–Depression Profile | Anger–Hostility Profile | Anxiety Profile | Happiness Profile |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pain | p > 0.05 | 1.07 [1.03–1.10] | p > 0.05 | 0.96 [0.93–0.99] |
Shortness of breath | p > 0.05 | 1.05 [1.01–1.10] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Weakness or a lack of energy | 1.08 [1.04–1.12] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Nausea | 1.08 [1.03–1.13] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Vomiting | 1.08 [1.02–1.14] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Poor appetite | 1.08 [1.04–1.12] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Constipation | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Sore or dry mouth | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | 1.08 [1.03–1.13] | p > 0.05 |
Drowsiness | 1.09 [1.05–1.13] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Poor mobility | 1.12 [1.07–1.17] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Itching | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | 1.06 [1.02–1.10] | p > 0.05 |
Difficulty sleeping | 1.04 [1.01–1.08] | 1.05 [1.01–1.08] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Restless legs | 1.11 [1.06–1.15] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Feeling anxious | 1.09 [1.02–1.17] | p > 0.05 | 1.10 [1.03–1.18] | p > 0.05 |
Feeling depressed | 1.16 [1.09–1.24] | 1.07 [1.01–1.12] | p > 0.05 | 0.93 [0.88–0.99] |
Changes in skin | p > 0.05 | confounding variable | p > 0.05 | 0.96 [0.92–0.99] |
Diarrhea | p > 0.05 | 1.07 [1.02–1.12] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
Cramps | p > 0.05 | 1.05 [1.01–1.09] | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 |
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Casaux-Huertas, A.; Mori Vara, P.; Hernández-Cediel, M.d.C.; Hernán-Gascueña, D.; Cárdaba-García, R.M.; Velasco-Gonzalez, V.; Pérez-Pérez, L.; Madrigal, M.; Pérez, I.; Durantez-Fernández, C. Hemodialysis Patients’ Emotional Profiles and Associated Symptomatology: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study. Nurs. Rep. 2025, 15, 152. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15050152
Casaux-Huertas A, Mori Vara P, Hernández-Cediel MdC, Hernán-Gascueña D, Cárdaba-García RM, Velasco-Gonzalez V, Pérez-Pérez L, Madrigal M, Pérez I, Durantez-Fernández C. Hemodialysis Patients’ Emotional Profiles and Associated Symptomatology: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study. Nursing Reports. 2025; 15(5):152. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15050152
Chicago/Turabian StyleCasaux-Huertas, Ana, Pilar Mori Vara, Maria del Carmen Hernández-Cediel, David Hernán-Gascueña, Rosa M. Cárdaba-García, Veronica Velasco-Gonzalez, Lucía Pérez-Pérez, Miguel Madrigal, Inmaculada Pérez, and Carlos Durantez-Fernández. 2025. "Hemodialysis Patients’ Emotional Profiles and Associated Symptomatology: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study" Nursing Reports 15, no. 5: 152. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15050152
APA StyleCasaux-Huertas, A., Mori Vara, P., Hernández-Cediel, M. d. C., Hernán-Gascueña, D., Cárdaba-García, R. M., Velasco-Gonzalez, V., Pérez-Pérez, L., Madrigal, M., Pérez, I., & Durantez-Fernández, C. (2025). Hemodialysis Patients’ Emotional Profiles and Associated Symptomatology: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study. Nursing Reports, 15(5), 152. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep15050152