The Impact of Serum Albumin Levels on COVID-19 Mortality
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Population
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Study Endpoints
2.4. Study Outcomes
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Albumin and Severity of Respiratory Failure
3.2. Albumin and Hospital LOS
3.3. Albumin and 90-Day Mortality
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sex (n, male) | 584 (67.6%) |
Age (years) | 66.0; 55.0–76.5 |
Body Mass Index | 26.1; 23.9–29.4 |
<20 kg/m2 | 32 (3.7%) |
20–29 kg/m2 | 633 (73.3%) |
≥30 kg/m2 | 199 (23.0%) |
Laboratory tests | |
Total white blood cells × 103/μL | 7.6; 5.4–10.5 |
Neutrophils × 103/μL | 6.3; 4.2–9.1 |
Monocytes × 103/μL | 0.4; 0.3–0.6 |
Lymphocytes × 103/μL | 0.7; 0.5–1.0 |
Eosinophils × 103/μL | 0.0; 0.0–0.0 |
Platelets × 103/μL | 216.0; 164.0–288.0 |
Serum C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 76.0; 31.0–130.0 |
Serum d-dimer (ng/mL FEU) | 962.0; 625.0–1544.0 |
Serum albumin (g/dL) | 3.3; 3.0–3.6 |
Past medical history | |
Hypertension (n) | 441 (51.0%) |
Heart disease (n) | 229 (26.5%) |
Diabetes (n) | 196 (22.7%) |
Metastatic cancer (n) | 15 (1.7%) |
Predictor | OR (95% CI); p-Value |
---|---|
Serum albumin < 3.27 g/dL | 3.013 (2.237–4.058); <0.001 |
Age > 65 years | 1.730 (1.265–2.365); 0.001 |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 1.688 (1.188–2.400); 0.003 |
Hypertension | 1.504 (1.105–2.046); 0.009 |
Diabetes | 1.502 (1.058–2.132); 0.023 |
Predictor | β-Value; p-Value |
---|---|
Serum albumin (g/dL) | −0.210; <0.001 |
Diabetes | 0.127; <0.001 |
Hypertension | 0.113; 0.001 |
Age > 65 years | 0.098; 0.006 |
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Zerbato, V.; Sanson, G.; De Luca, M.; Di Bella, S.; di Masi, A.; Caironi, P.; Marini, B.; Ippodrino, R.; Luzzati, R. The Impact of Serum Albumin Levels on COVID-19 Mortality. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2022, 14, 278-286. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr14030034
Zerbato V, Sanson G, De Luca M, Di Bella S, di Masi A, Caironi P, Marini B, Ippodrino R, Luzzati R. The Impact of Serum Albumin Levels on COVID-19 Mortality. Infectious Disease Reports. 2022; 14(3):278-286. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr14030034
Chicago/Turabian StyleZerbato, Verena, Gianfranco Sanson, Marina De Luca, Stefano Di Bella, Alessandra di Masi, Pietro Caironi, Bruna Marini, Rudy Ippodrino, and Roberto Luzzati. 2022. "The Impact of Serum Albumin Levels on COVID-19 Mortality" Infectious Disease Reports 14, no. 3: 278-286. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr14030034
APA StyleZerbato, V., Sanson, G., De Luca, M., Di Bella, S., di Masi, A., Caironi, P., Marini, B., Ippodrino, R., & Luzzati, R. (2022). The Impact of Serum Albumin Levels on COVID-19 Mortality. Infectious Disease Reports, 14(3), 278-286. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr14030034