Learning How to Separate Fake from Real News: Scalable Digital Tutorials Promoting Students’ Civic Online Reasoning
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Civic Online Reasoning
1.2. Interventions in Civic Online Reasoning
1.3. Observational Learning and Feedback
1.4. Present Study
2. Method: Experiment I
2.1. Participants
2.2. Design
2.3. Procedure and Material
2.4. Analysis
3. Results: Experiment I
3.1. T-Tests on Total Score
3.2. Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test on Each Separate Post-Test Item
3.3. Relation between Digital Aids, Score and Treatment
4. Method: Experiment II
4.1. Participants
4.2. Design
4.3. Procedure and Material
5. Results: Experiment II
5.1. T-Tests on Total Score
5.2. Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test on Each Separate Post-Test Item
5.3. Relation between Digital Aids, Scores and Treatment
5.4. Differences between Experiments
6. Discussion
6.1. Better Performance on Post-Tasks for Intervention Group
6.2. Increased Use of Digital Aids
6.3. Better Assessment Performance of True Items
6.4. Limitations
6.5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item Type | Pre | Post |
---|---|---|
Manipulated image | Photo by Kai Bastard, portraying a woman branded with the words ‘You Belong to Me’ | Photo by Kai bastard called ‘Kiss of Death’ showing someone smoking with black veins around the mouth |
Fake video | Animated Amazon blimp with delivery drones | Animated theme park ride called ‘Gyro Drop’ |
Viral false | Post from Eat Local Grown warning about toxic rice from China | Post on the connection between 5G and the Covid-19 virus |
Viral true, nature | Image shared on Facebook with a one-eyed kitten called Cy | Post from Business Insider of a lake in Australia which turns pink when it rains |
Viral true, food | Business Insider post on wood pulp being present in Parmesan cheese | Boing Boing post on restaurants using meat glue to produce steaks |
Viral false, transfer | Post on a picture of a boy seemingly sleeping between his parents graves in Syria | Same post as in pre-test |
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Axelsson, C.-A.W.; Guath, M.; Nygren, T. Learning How to Separate Fake from Real News: Scalable Digital Tutorials Promoting Students’ Civic Online Reasoning. Future Internet 2021, 13, 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13030060
Axelsson C-AW, Guath M, Nygren T. Learning How to Separate Fake from Real News: Scalable Digital Tutorials Promoting Students’ Civic Online Reasoning. Future Internet. 2021; 13(3):60. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13030060
Chicago/Turabian StyleAxelsson, Carl-Anton Werner, Mona Guath, and Thomas Nygren. 2021. "Learning How to Separate Fake from Real News: Scalable Digital Tutorials Promoting Students’ Civic Online Reasoning" Future Internet 13, no. 3: 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13030060
APA StyleAxelsson, C. -A. W., Guath, M., & Nygren, T. (2021). Learning How to Separate Fake from Real News: Scalable Digital Tutorials Promoting Students’ Civic Online Reasoning. Future Internet, 13(3), 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13030060