Nanomilling of Drugs for Bioavailability Enhancement: A Holistic Formulation-Process Perspective
Otto H. York Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Academic Editor: Leena Peltonen
Pharmaceutics 2016, 8(2), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics8020017
Received: 15 March 2016
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Revised: 13 May 2016
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Accepted: 13 May 2016
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Published: 20 May 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocrystals)
Preparation of drug nanoparticles via wet media milling (nanomilling) is a very versatile drug delivery platform and is suitable for oral, injectable, inhalable, and buccal applications. Wet media milling followed by various drying processes has become a well-established and proven formulation approach especially for bioavailability enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs. It has several advantages such as organic solvent-free processing, tunable and relatively high drug loading, and applicability to a multitude of poorly water-soluble drugs. Although the physical stability of the wet-milled suspensions (nanosuspensions) has attracted a lot of attention, fundamental understanding of the process has been lacking until recently. The objective of this review paper is to present fundamental insights from available published literature while summarizing the recent advances and highlighting the gap areas that have not received adequate attention. First, stabilization by conventionally used polymers/surfactants and novel stabilizers is reviewed. Then, a fundamental understanding of the process parameters, with a focus on wet stirred media milling, is revealed based on microhydrodynamic models. This review is expected to bring a holistic formulation-process perspective to the nanomilling process and pave the way for robust process development scale-up. Finally, challenges are indicated with a view to shedding light on future opportunities.
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Keywords:
drug nanoparticles; wet stirred media milling; stabilization; process parameters; process modeling
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MDPI and ACS Style
Li, M.; Azad, M.; Davé, R.; Bilgili, E. Nanomilling of Drugs for Bioavailability Enhancement: A Holistic Formulation-Process Perspective. Pharmaceutics 2016, 8, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics8020017
AMA Style
Li M, Azad M, Davé R, Bilgili E. Nanomilling of Drugs for Bioavailability Enhancement: A Holistic Formulation-Process Perspective. Pharmaceutics. 2016; 8(2):17. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics8020017
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Meng, Mohammad Azad, Rajesh Davé, and Ecevit Bilgili. 2016. "Nanomilling of Drugs for Bioavailability Enhancement: A Holistic Formulation-Process Perspective" Pharmaceutics 8, no. 2: 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics8020017
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