Bioadhesive Nanoparticles in Topical Drug Delivery: Advances, Applications, and Potential for Skin Disorder Treatments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Search Strategies
3. Mechanism of Bioadhesion
4. Biopolymers Used to Prepare Bioadhesive Nanoparticles
4.1. Natural Biopolymers
4.1.1. Gelatin
4.1.2. Chitosan
4.1.3. Collagen
4.1.4. Albumin
4.1.5. Cellulose
4.2. Synthetic Biopolymers
4.2.1. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)
4.2.2. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)
4.2.3. Polyacrylic Acid (PAA)
Biopolymers | Type | Drug/Active Ingredient | Outcomes | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gelatin | Natural | Zinc oxide | Enhanced adhesion and antimicrobial properties | [28] |
Chitosan | Natural | Methotrexate | Showed activity against the human cancer cells | [54] |
Collagen | Natural | Curcumin | Rapid wound-healing | [37] |
Albumin | Natural | Bovine serum albumin and genipin | Enhanced postoperative wound healing accompanied by residual tumors photothermal elimination | [60] |
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) | Synthetic | Silicon nitride | Mediated bone regeneration | [61] |
Poly(ethylene glycol) | Synthetic | Tetra-poly (ethylene glycol) hydrogel | Mediated effective repairing of meniscus tears | [62] |
Polyacrylic acid | Synthetic | Cisplatin | Enhanced anticancer activity with negligible side effects | [58] |
Cellulose | Natural | Chlorhexidine | Enhanced bioadhesion to dentin and enamel | [48] |
5. Applications of Bioadhesive Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Skin Disorders
5.1. Atopic Dermatitis (AD)
5.2. Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD)
5.3. Skin Cancer
5.4. Psoriasis
5.5. Bacterial Skin Infections
5.6. Wounds
5.7. Severe Burn Injuries
Skin Disorders | Bioadhesive Nanoparticles | Drug/Active Ingredient | Outcomes | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Atopic dermatitis | Chitosan-coated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NPs) | Budesonide | Mediated the skin absorption of budesonide; did not exert cytotoxic activities in primary human fibroblasts and keratinocytes | [77] |
Irritant contact dermatitis | Polyelectrolyte complex NPs (PENPs) containing hyaluronic acid and chitosan | Etoricoxib | Etoricoxib-loaded PENPs showed enhanced in vivo anti-inflammatory properties in comparison with the conventional etoricoxib gel | [86] |
Skin cancer | Bioadhesive NPs (BNPs) containing polylactic acid-hyperbranched polyglycerol (PLA-HPG) copolymers | Camptothecin | Camptothecin showed increased therapeutic effectiveness | [99] |
Psoriasis | Chitosan-coated nanostructured lipidic carriers (NLCs) | Fucoxanthin | Fucoxanthin-loaded NLCs did not exert any toxic effect and significantly reduced skin inflammation and hyperproliferation to preserve skin integrity in psoriatic skin | [105] |
Bacterial skin infections | Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based BNP–hydrogel hybrid | Ciprofloxacin | BNP gel enhanced antibiotic retention and adhesion on skin; suppressed the generation of Escherichia coli bacterial film | [109] |
Wound | Gelatin–gallic acid/zinc oxide NPs | Zinc oxide | Enhanced antimicrobial and superior adhesive properties | [28] |
Severe burn injuries | BNP based on PLA-HPG | Rapamycin | Extended skin allograft survival with slight systemic toxicity | [139] |
6. Challenges and Future Directions
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Almuqbil, R.M.; Aldhubiab, B. Bioadhesive Nanoparticles in Topical Drug Delivery: Advances, Applications, and Potential for Skin Disorder Treatments. Pharmaceutics 2025, 17, 229. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17020229
Almuqbil RM, Aldhubiab B. Bioadhesive Nanoparticles in Topical Drug Delivery: Advances, Applications, and Potential for Skin Disorder Treatments. Pharmaceutics. 2025; 17(2):229. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17020229
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlmuqbil, Rashed M., and Bandar Aldhubiab. 2025. "Bioadhesive Nanoparticles in Topical Drug Delivery: Advances, Applications, and Potential for Skin Disorder Treatments" Pharmaceutics 17, no. 2: 229. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17020229
APA StyleAlmuqbil, R. M., & Aldhubiab, B. (2025). Bioadhesive Nanoparticles in Topical Drug Delivery: Advances, Applications, and Potential for Skin Disorder Treatments. Pharmaceutics, 17(2), 229. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17020229