Performance Characterisation of the Airvo2TM Nebuliser Adapter in Combination with the Aerogen SoloTM Vibrating Mesh Nebuliser for in Line Aerosol Therapy during High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy System
2.2. Nebuliser
2.3. System Characterisation
2.3.1. Emitted Dose
2.3.2. Tracheal Dose
2.3.3. Droplet Size Characterisation—Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD)
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Emitted Dose
3.2. Tracheal Dose
3.3. MMAD
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cannula Reference | Size | Approved Gas Flow Rate Range (LPM) |
---|---|---|
OPT942 | Small Adult Cannula | 10–50 |
OPT944 | Medium Adult Cannula | 10–60 |
OPT946 | Large Adult Cannula | 10–60 |
OPT316 | Infant Nasal Cannula | 2–20 |
OPT318 | Paediatric Nasal Cannula | 2–25 |
OPT416 | Infant Nasal Cannula | 2–20 |
OPT418 | Paediatric Nasal Cannula | 2–25 |
OPT970 | Tracheostomy Interface | 10–60 |
Head Model | Paediatric | Adult | Adult | Adult |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gas Flow (LPM) | OPT942 * (S) | OPT944 (M) | OPT946 (L) | OPT970 |
10 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
30 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
50 | ✓ | Not tested | Not tested | ✓ |
60 | Not tested | ✓ | ✓ | Not tested |
Head Model | Infant | Paediatric | Infant | Paediatric |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gas Flow (LPM) | OPT316 | OPT318 | OPT416 | OPT418 |
2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
11 | ✓ | Not tested | ✓ | Not tested |
13 | Not tested | ✓ | Not tested | ✓ |
20 | ✓ | Not tested | ✓ | Not tested |
25 | Not tested | ✓ | Not tested | ✓ |
Head Model | Tidal Volume (mL) | Breaths per Minute | I/E Ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Adult | 500 | 15 | 1:1 |
Paediatric | 155 | 25 | 1:2 |
Infant | 50 | 30 | 1:3 |
Gas Flow (LPM) | OPT942 | OPT944 | OPT946 | p-Value | OPT970 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 2.59 ± 0.21 | 2.62 ± 0.24 | 2.47 ± 0.11 | 0.247 | 2.81 ± 0.03 |
30 | 2.50 ± 0.13 | 2.00 ± 0.15 | 2.24 ± 0.12 | 0.000 | 2.54 ± 0.15 |
50 | 2.21 ± 0.17 | Not tested | Not tested | - | 2.22 ± 0.03 |
60 | Not tested | 1.96 ± 0.13 | 2.45 ± 0.16 | 0.000 | Not tested |
p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Gas Flow (LPM) | OPT316 | OPT416 | p-Value | OPT318 | OPT418 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 1.80 ± 0.23 | 1.93 ± 0.26 | 0.089 | 2.02 ± 0.31 | 2.04 ± 0.31 | 0.740 |
11 | 2.27 ± 0.16 | 2.24 ± 0.14 | 0.444 | Not tested | - | |
13 | Not tested | - | 2.14 ± 0.24 | 2.06 ± 0.25 | 0.119 | |
20 | 2.06 ± 0.15 | 2.14 ± 0.17 | 0.091 | Not tested | - | |
25 | Not tested | - | 2.01 ± 0.17 | 2.03 ± 0.19 | 0.232 | |
p-value | 0.000 | 0.007 | 0.491 | 0.975 |
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MacLoughlin, R.; Mac Giolla Eain, M. Performance Characterisation of the Airvo2TM Nebuliser Adapter in Combination with the Aerogen SoloTM Vibrating Mesh Nebuliser for in Line Aerosol Therapy during High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024, 16, 565. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16040565
MacLoughlin R, Mac Giolla Eain M. Performance Characterisation of the Airvo2TM Nebuliser Adapter in Combination with the Aerogen SoloTM Vibrating Mesh Nebuliser for in Line Aerosol Therapy during High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(4):565. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16040565
Chicago/Turabian StyleMacLoughlin, Ronan, and Marc Mac Giolla Eain. 2024. "Performance Characterisation of the Airvo2TM Nebuliser Adapter in Combination with the Aerogen SoloTM Vibrating Mesh Nebuliser for in Line Aerosol Therapy during High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy" Pharmaceutics 16, no. 4: 565. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16040565
APA StyleMacLoughlin, R., & Mac Giolla Eain, M. (2024). Performance Characterisation of the Airvo2TM Nebuliser Adapter in Combination with the Aerogen SoloTM Vibrating Mesh Nebuliser for in Line Aerosol Therapy during High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy. Pharmaceutics, 16(4), 565. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16040565