Nanomedicine and Hyperthermia for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Eligibility
2.2. Inclusion Criteria
2.3. Exclusion Criteria
2.4. Data Sources
2.5. Study Selection
2.6. Data Extraction
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Study Description
3.2. Characteristics of Magnetic Nanoformulations
3.3. Biocompatibility of Hyperthermia Assays
3.4. In Vitro Assays
3.5. In Vivo Assays
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nanoformulation | Antitumor Agent | AMF | In Vitro Assay | In Vivo Assay | Tumor Type | Main Results | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MnFe2O4-Fe3O4 core–shell NPs | - | 384.5 kHz, 27.85 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (HT29) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [22] |
Cs MNPs | 5-FU | 435 kHz, 15.4 kA/m | - | HT29 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | Decrease in tumor size | [25] |
Exosome-FA-MNPs | DOXO | 310 kHz | Cytotoxicity assay (HT29) | HT29 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect and decrease in tumor size | [29] |
MNPs loaded Cs nanofibers | - | 750–1150 kHz | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [30] |
SPIONs loaded microrobots | 5-FU | 430 kHz, 45 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (HCT116) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [31] |
Fluorescent MNP labeled iPS | - | 63 kHz, 7 kA/m | - | MGC803 tumor-bearing mice | GC | Decrease in tumor size and good MRI results | [32] |
SPIO-APTES anti-CD133 MNPs | IRI | 1.3–1.8 kHz | Cytotoxicity (Caco-2, HCT116, DLD1) | HCT116 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity assay, decrease in tumor size and good MRI results | [33] |
anti-HER2 carboxydextran and amphiphilic polimer SPIONs | - | 280 kHz, 31 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (NUGC-4) | - | GC | High cytotoxicity effect | [34] |
Anti-131I-labeled CC49 SPIONs | - | 252 kHz, 15.9 kA/m | - | LS174T tumor-bearing mice | CRC | Decrease in tumor size | [35] |
MPVA-AP1 nanovehicles | DOXO | 50–100 kHz | Liberation assay | - | CRC | High drug liberation and drug release | [36] |
TAT/CSF1R inhibitor functionalized magnetic liposomes | - | 288 kHz, 35 kA/m | - | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | Decrease in tumor size and increased magnetic targeting | [37] |
PEG-PBA-PEG coated SPIONs | 5-FU | 13,560 kHz | Cytotoxicity assay (HT29, HCT116) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [38] |
Alginate coated MPNPs and QDs | DOXO | 4–6.3 kA/m | - | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | Good MRI results | [39] |
Agar encapsulated MNPs | DOXO | 400 kHz, 0.45 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (HT29) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [40] |
APTES coated MNPs | - | 300 kHz | - | VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits | EC | Decrease in tumor size | [41] |
(maghemite/PLGA)/Cs NPs | - | 250 kHz, 4 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (T84) | Healthy mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect and good MRI results | [42] |
PLGA SPIONs | DOXO | 205 kHz, 2 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity assay, drug release, decrease in tumor size and good MRI results | [43] |
Bacteria derived MNPs | - | 187 kHz, 23 kA/m | - | HT29 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | In vivo apoptotic and necrotic areas and good MRI results | [44] |
Solid-lipid MNPs | - | 250 kHz, 4 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (HT29) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [45] |
Bacteria-derived MNPs | 5-FU | 250 kHz, 4 kA/m | Liberation assay | - | CRC | High drug release | [46] |
Bacteria-derived MNPs | OXA | 197 kHz, 18 kA/m | Liberation assay | - | CRC | High drug release | [47] |
Cobalt ferrite NPs | - | 261 kHz, 8–19.8 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect and decrease in tumor size | [48] |
MNPs | CDDP | 237 kHz, 20 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (Caco-2) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [49] |
PEG-PCL-PEG/FA MNPs | 5-FU | 13,560 kHz, 0.4 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (HT29) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [50] |
MNPs | - | 100 kHz, 4 kA/m | MRI assay | - | CRC | Good MRI results | [51] |
Iron oxide nanocubes | DOXO | 182 kHz | Patient-derived CSCs | Patient-derived CSCs tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity assay, decrease in tumor size | [52] |
Iron oxide NPs/Au NPs core/shell nanohybrid | - | 13,560 kHz | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect, decrease in tumor size, increased magnetic targeting and good MRI results | [53] |
ZnCoFe2O4 and ZnMnFe2O4 NPs | - | 1.35 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect, decrease in tumor size and better targeting | [54] |
Polymers functionalized MNPs | Niclosamide | 405 kHz | Cytotoxicity assay (HCT116) | - | CRC | High Cytotoxicity effect | [55] |
Magnetic solid lipid NPs coated with FA and Dextran | DOXO | Not specified | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect, decrease in tumor size and metastases | [56] |
Acid citric and EDC/NHC functionalized MNPs | - | 87 kHz-340 kHz, 79.57 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (not specified) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [57] |
PMAO-PEG MNPs | - | 650 kHz, 16.71 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (HCT116) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [58] |
APTS/PRO functionalized SPIONs loaded with TNF-alfa | - | 110 kHz, 8.75 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (SW480, HepG2) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [59] |
Carboxydextran coated MNPs | - | 390 kHz, 28 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (HCT116) | Peritoneal-dissemination mice | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect and metastases decrease | [60] |
Carboxydextran coated MNPs | Bortezomib | 233 kHz, 29.39 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (Caco-2) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [61] |
Liposome encapsulated citric acid-coated MNPs | DOXO | 300 kHz, 59.3 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect and drug release | [62] |
Monosaccharides coated MNPs | - | 292 kHz, 51.0 kA/m | Cytotoxicity assay (CT26) | - | CRC | High cytotoxicity effect | [63] |
PLGA SPIONs | 930 kHz, 13 kA/m | - | CT26 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | Increased magnetic targeting | [64] | |
PMAO MNPs | - | 606 kHz, 14 kA/m | - | CC-531 tumor-bearing rats | CRC | Heterogeneous cytotoxicity results | [65] |
Cs MNPs | 5-FU | 435 kHz, 15.4 kA/m | - | HT29 tumor-bearing mice | CRC | Sensitizes cells for further therapies and DNA damage | [66] |
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Gago, L.; Quiñonero, F.; Perazzoli, G.; Melguizo, C.; Prados, J.; Ortiz, R.; Cabeza, L. Nanomedicine and Hyperthermia for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2023, 15, 1958. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071958
Gago L, Quiñonero F, Perazzoli G, Melguizo C, Prados J, Ortiz R, Cabeza L. Nanomedicine and Hyperthermia for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(7):1958. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071958
Chicago/Turabian StyleGago, Lidia, Francisco Quiñonero, Gloria Perazzoli, Consolación Melguizo, Jose Prados, Raul Ortiz, and Laura Cabeza. 2023. "Nanomedicine and Hyperthermia for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review" Pharmaceutics 15, no. 7: 1958. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071958