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Volume 15
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10.3390/pharmaceutics15030782
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Article

Virus-like Particle Vaccine Expressing the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pre-Fusion and G Proteins Confers Protection against RSV Challenge Infection

by
Su-Hwa Lee
1,†,
Ki-Back Chu
2,†,
Min-Ju Kim
3,
Jie Mao
3,
Gi-Deok Eom
3,
Keon-Woong Yoon
3,
Md Atique Ahmed
4 and
Fu-Shi Quan
1,2,*
1
Department of Medical Zoology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
2
Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
4
ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh 786010, India
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(3), 782; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030782
Submission received: 21 January 2023 / Revised: 23 February 2023 / Accepted: 24 February 2023 / Published: 27 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-invasive Biopharmaceutical/Vaccine Delivery Systems and Formulation Strategies)
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Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe lower respiratory tract disease in children and the elderly. However, there are no effective antiviral drugs or licensed vaccines available for RSV infection. Here, RSV virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines expressing Pre-F, G, or Pre-F and G proteins on the surface of influenza virus matrix protein 1 (M1) were produced using the baculovirus expression system, and their protective efficacy was evaluated in mice. The morphology and successful assembly of VLPs were confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Western blot. High levels of serum IgG antibody response were detected in VLP-immunized mice, and significantly higher levels of IgG2a and IgG2b were found in the Pre-F+G VLP immunization group compared to the unimmunized control. Serum-neutralizing activity was higher in the VLP immunization groups compared to the naïve group, with Pre-F+G VLPs demonstrating superior neutralizing activity to the single antigen-expressing VLP groups. Pulmonary IgA and IgG responses were generally comparable across the immunization groups, with VLPs expressing the Pre-F antigen eliciting higher IFN-γ in spleens. The frequencies of eosinophils and IL-4-producing CD4+ T cell populations were substantially lower in the lungs of VLP-immunized mice, with the PreF+G vaccine inducing a significant increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. VLP immunization significantly decreased the viral titer and inflammation in the lungs of mice, with Pre-F+G VLPs conferring the best protection. In conclusion, our present study suggests that the Pre-F+G VLPs could be a potential vaccine candidate against RSV infection.
Keywords: respiratory syncytial virus; virus-like particle; pre-fusion; glycoprotein; vaccine respiratory syncytial virus; virus-like particle; pre-fusion; glycoprotein; vaccine

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lee, S.-H.; Chu, K.-B.; Kim, M.-J.; Mao, J.; Eom, G.-D.; Yoon, K.-W.; Ahmed, M.A.; Quan, F.-S. Virus-like Particle Vaccine Expressing the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pre-Fusion and G Proteins Confers Protection against RSV Challenge Infection. Pharmaceutics 2023, 15, 782. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030782

AMA Style

Lee S-H, Chu K-B, Kim M-J, Mao J, Eom G-D, Yoon K-W, Ahmed MA, Quan F-S. Virus-like Particle Vaccine Expressing the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pre-Fusion and G Proteins Confers Protection against RSV Challenge Infection. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(3):782. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030782

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lee, Su-Hwa, Ki-Back Chu, Min-Ju Kim, Jie Mao, Gi-Deok Eom, Keon-Woong Yoon, Md Atique Ahmed, and Fu-Shi Quan. 2023. "Virus-like Particle Vaccine Expressing the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pre-Fusion and G Proteins Confers Protection against RSV Challenge Infection" Pharmaceutics 15, no. 3: 782. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030782

APA Style

Lee, S.-H., Chu, K.-B., Kim, M.-J., Mao, J., Eom, G.-D., Yoon, K.-W., Ahmed, M. A., & Quan, F.-S. (2023). Virus-like Particle Vaccine Expressing the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pre-Fusion and G Proteins Confers Protection against RSV Challenge Infection. Pharmaceutics, 15(3), 782. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030782

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