Evidence of Epstein-Barr Virus Association with Gastric Cancer and Non-Atrophic Gastritis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Sample Description
2.2. PCR Detection Limits
2.3. Detection of EBV in Gastric Cancer
No sample | Lauren | WHO | Other histological patterns | Lymphocyte infiltrate −/+++ | Age | Gender | % of tumoral cells | Site |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GC1 | Mixed (Diffuse and intestinal) | Tubular Mucinous | Lace pattern with clear cells (LEL-like) | +++ | 87 | Male | 80 | Body |
GC2 | Intestinal | Tubular | Cribriform | + | 78 | Female | 10 | Body and Antrum |
GC3 | Diffuse | Signet ring cells | None | ++ | 38 | Male | 30 | Body and Antrum |
GC4 | Intestinal | Tubular | Cribriform with clear cells | + | 72 | Female | 60 | Body |
GC5 | Diffuse | Signet ring cells | None | + | 74 | Female | 70 | Antrum |
GC6 | Intestinal | Tubular | None | + | 72 | Male | 25 | Body |
GC7 | Intestinal | Tubular | Cribriform | ++ | 52 | Female | 60 | Body and Antrum |
GC8 | Intestinal | Tubular | Lace pattern | + | 57 | Male | 20 | Antrum |
2.4. Detection of EBV in Non-Atrophic Gastritis
Sample | Age | Gender | Inflammation −/+++ | Activity −/+++ | Site | Hp | PCR | ISH signal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 35 | Male | ++ | ++ | Body | − | First | Lymphoid infiltrate |
G2 | 25 | Male | +++ | ++ | Body | + | First | Lymphoid infiltrate |
G3 | 64 | Male | ++ | ++ | Body | − | First | Epithelial cell |
G4 | 61 | Female | +++ | − | Antrum | + | First | Lymphoid infiltrate |
G5 | 44 | Female | +++ | − | Antrum | NA | Nested | Epithelial cell & Lymphoid infiltrate |
G6 | 23 | Male | +++ | − | Antrum | + | Nested | Lymphoid infiltrate |
2.5. Detection of EBV in Samples from Gastric Bypass Surgeries
2.6. Sequencing
2.7. In situ Hybridization (ISH) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
2.8. Histopathological Findings
2.9. Discussion
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Cell Lines
3.2. Patients and Samples
Hospital | Gastric Sample | Gender | Mean Age | Condition | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male * | Female * | ||||
GC Mexico City: Oncology Hospital, General Hospital and National Institute of Cancer | 34 Diffuse | 23 | 31 | 61 | Fresh and frozen |
17 Intestinal | |||||
4 Mixed | |||||
44 Non-tumor controls | |||||
GC Merida, Yucatan: Ignacio Garcia Tellez Hospital. | 10 Diffuse | 9 | 11 | 62.6 | Paraffin embedded |
10 Intestinal | |||||
Non-tumor controls, Mexico City: Bernardo Sepulveda Specialties Hospital, Oncology Hospital, General Hospital, National Institute of Cancer and Carlos McGregor Hospital | 99 Non-tumor controls | 43 | 43 | 61.6 | Frozen |
Non-tumor controls Merida Yucatan: Ignacio García Tellez, Hospital | 4 Non-tumor controls | 2 | 2 | 71.5 | Paraffin embedded |
Non-atrophic gastritis, México City: Bernardo Sepulveda Specialties Hospital and Carlos McGregor Hospital. | 49 NAG | 26 | 23 | 49.5 | Frozen |
Non-atrophic gastritis, Merida Yucatan: Ignacio Garcia Tellez Hospital | 27 NAG | 10 | 17 | 52.6 | Paraffin embedded |
3.3. Histopathological Examination
3.4. DNA Purification
3.5. EBV Detection
3.6. Sequencing
3.7. In Situ Hybridization
3.8. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
3.9. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Appendices
Muestra | H.pilory | PMN cells | MN cells | Atrophic Gastritis | Metaplasia | Dysplasia | Additional observations |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SGB 001 | + | 0 | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | Follicular gastritis |
SGB 002 | + | 0 | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | Follicular gastritis |
SGB 003 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 004 | + | 0 | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 005 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 006 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 007 | + | + | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 008 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 009 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 010 | 0 | 0 | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 011 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 012 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 013 | 0 | + | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 014 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 015 | 0 | ++ | +++ | +++ | ++ | 0 | Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia |
SGB 016 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 017 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 018 | 0 | 0 | ++ | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
SGB 019 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | None |
Authors’ Contribution
Conflicts of Interest
References and Notes
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Martínez-López, J.L.E.; Torres, J.; Camorlinga-Ponce, M.; Mantilla, A.; Leal, Y.A.; Fuentes-Pananá, E.M. Evidence of Epstein-Barr Virus Association with Gastric Cancer and Non-Atrophic Gastritis. Viruses 2014, 6, 301-318. https://doi.org/10.3390/v6010301
Martínez-López JLE, Torres J, Camorlinga-Ponce M, Mantilla A, Leal YA, Fuentes-Pananá EM. Evidence of Epstein-Barr Virus Association with Gastric Cancer and Non-Atrophic Gastritis. Viruses. 2014; 6(1):301-318. https://doi.org/10.3390/v6010301
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartínez-López, Juan L.E., Javier Torres, Margarita Camorlinga-Ponce, Alejandra Mantilla, Yelda A. Leal, and Ezequiel M. Fuentes-Pananá. 2014. "Evidence of Epstein-Barr Virus Association with Gastric Cancer and Non-Atrophic Gastritis" Viruses 6, no. 1: 301-318. https://doi.org/10.3390/v6010301