Role of HIV Subtype Diversity in the Development of Resistance to Antiviral Drugs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
2.2. Resistance to Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)
2.3. PR Mutations
2.4. Implications for Clinical Practice
2.5. Future Research
3. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References and Notes
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Drug Class | Subtype | Polymorphism or Mutation | Drug | Mutation(s) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reverse Transcriptase | |||||
NRTIS | C | 64–65–66 KKK motif | ddI, d4T, TDF | K65R | [30] |
HIV-2 | T69N, V75I, V118I, L210N, T215S, K219N | NRTIs | TAMs/K65R | [66] | |
NNRTIS | C | V106V | EFV, NVP | V106M | [45] |
G | A98S | NNRTIs | [67] | ||
HIV-2 | Y181I, Y188L, G190A, K101A, V106I, V179I | All NNRTIs | Cross-NNRTI resistance | [66] | |
O | Y181C, A98S, K103R, V179E | All NNRTIs | Cross-NNRTI resistance | [18] | |
Protease | |||||
PIs | Non-B | M36I | PIs | [58] | |
G, AE | K20I | PIs | [62] | ||
G | V82I | PIs | I82M/T/S | [62] | |
A,C,F,G,AE,AG | L89M | PIs | L89I | [69] | |
HIV-2 | L10I/V,K 20V, V32I, M36I, M46I, I47V, L63E/K, A71V, G73A, V77T, V82IL | PIs | APV and PIs | [66] |
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Wainberg, M.A.; Brenner, B.G. Role of HIV Subtype Diversity in the Development of Resistance to Antiviral Drugs. Viruses 2010, 2, 2493-2508. https://doi.org/10.3390/v2112493
Wainberg MA, Brenner BG. Role of HIV Subtype Diversity in the Development of Resistance to Antiviral Drugs. Viruses. 2010; 2(11):2493-2508. https://doi.org/10.3390/v2112493
Chicago/Turabian StyleWainberg, Mark A., and Bluma G. Brenner. 2010. "Role of HIV Subtype Diversity in the Development of Resistance to Antiviral Drugs" Viruses 2, no. 11: 2493-2508. https://doi.org/10.3390/v2112493