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Volume 17
Issue 8
10.3390/v17081049
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Article

Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 in Free-Ranging Wild Boars and Ticks in Jiangsu Province, China

by
Fanqi Sun
1,
Meng Li
1,
Yi Wang
1,
Wangkun Cheng
2,
Meirong Li
2,
Changlin Deng
2,
Xianwei Wang
1 and
Zhen Yang
1,*
1
Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, The Belt and Road International Sci-Tech Innovation Institute of Transboundary Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunization, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
2
Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, Nanjing 210028, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2025, 17(8), 1049; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17081049
Submission received: 15 June 2025 / Revised: 18 July 2025 / Accepted: 21 July 2025 / Published: 28 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Viruses)
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Abstract

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) has been detected in wild boars across many countries in Europe, Asia, and South America. However, data regarding the presence of porcine circoviruses in wild boars and ticks remain limited. In this study, we investigated the presence and genetic characteristics of PCV3 in wild boars and parasitizing ticks in Jiangsu, China. Samples, including whole blood, serum, tissues, feces, and oral fluids from wild boars, as well as ticks collected from 47 wild boars, were obtained between March 2021 and November 2022. PCR results indicated that 34.0% (16/47) of wild boars tested positive for PCV3, while ELISA detected 41.9% (18/43) seropositivity. RT-qPCR results showed that 7.2% (6/83) were positive for PCV3 in 83 analyzed tick samples, with all positive samples identified as Amblyomma testudinarium. The PCV3 genome obtained from wild boars was classified as PCV3a and was closely related to the strain identified in domestic pigs in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Collectively, these findings confirm the presence of PCV3 in wild boars in Jiangsu and suggest a possible link of PCV3 infection among domestic pigs, wild boars, and ticks, providing new insights into the transmission risk of PCV3 at wildlife–livestock–human interfaces and highlighting the genetic homology between strains from wild and domestic pigs.
Keywords: PCV3; wild boar; detection; genome sequence analysis; ticks PCV3; wild boar; detection; genome sequence analysis; ticks

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sun, F.; Li, M.; Wang, Y.; Cheng, W.; Li, M.; Deng, C.; Wang, X.; Yang, Z. Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 in Free-Ranging Wild Boars and Ticks in Jiangsu Province, China. Viruses 2025, 17, 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17081049

AMA Style

Sun F, Li M, Wang Y, Cheng W, Li M, Deng C, Wang X, Yang Z. Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 in Free-Ranging Wild Boars and Ticks in Jiangsu Province, China. Viruses. 2025; 17(8):1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17081049

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun, Fanqi, Meng Li, Yi Wang, Wangkun Cheng, Meirong Li, Changlin Deng, Xianwei Wang, and Zhen Yang. 2025. "Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 in Free-Ranging Wild Boars and Ticks in Jiangsu Province, China" Viruses 17, no. 8: 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17081049

APA Style

Sun, F., Li, M., Wang, Y., Cheng, W., Li, M., Deng, C., Wang, X., & Yang, Z. (2025). Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 in Free-Ranging Wild Boars and Ticks in Jiangsu Province, China. Viruses, 17(8), 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17081049

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