Determination and Characterization of Novel Papillomavirus and Parvovirus Associated with Mass Mortality of Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Fish Samples
2.2. Electron Microscopy
2.3. Histopathological Observation
2.4. Cell Culture and Virus Isolation
2.5. Viral Genome Sequencing and PCR Assays
2.6. RNA Extraction and L1 Gene Sequencing
2.7. Phylogenetic Analysis
2.8. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
2.9. PCR Detection and TaqMan Probe-Based Quantitative PCR
2.10. Animal Infection Experiments
3. Results
3.1. Diseases and Pathological Features
3.2. Electron Microscopy
3.3. Virus Isolation
3.4. Genome Sequencing
3.5. Phylogenetic Analysis
3.6. FISH Detection
3.7. Tissue Distribution of CsPaV and CsPV
3.8. Animal Experiments
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primer or Probe | Sequence (5′-3′) | PCR Product (bp) | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|
PaV-F2 | ATTAGAGCACGCCATTCA | 1147 | Overlap PCR to amplify the genome of CsPaV |
PaV-R2 | TCAGTAAGATATATAATAGC | ||
PaV-F3 | GCTATTATATATCTTACTGA | 661 | |
PaV-R3 | CCCTTCTTCTAAATCCCT | ||
PaV-F4 | AGGGATTTAGAAGAAGGG | 2159 | |
PaV-R4 | GTCATCCTTACTATATCGCC | ||
PV-F1 | AAATCTTCGCCAGGTA | 231 | Overlap PCR to amplify the genome of CsPV |
PV-R1 | CCAAGAGATGATACCC | ||
PV-F2 | CAAAAAACCCTCCTCCA | 452 | |
PV-R2 | GTTTCGTTTGCC | ||
PV-F3 | AGAACAGGCAAACGAAAC | 601 | |
PV-R3 | CCTGTGTGCAGACGAGCT | ||
FISH-L1 | GGACTGCCACTGGTATCTTCCTTGA, GTTCACTGAGATTTCCCCCTTCTG, TGCGGTTTCAGTAACATATTCATCG, CCTTGGAGAGGTGGCAAGTAGAATT, GGATCTGTTTATGTTCAATTCCCCA | Probes used in FISH for detection of CsPaV | |
FISH-VP | GATTGGCCGCTAGTATCAGGTTTTC, AGGGTTACCCATTTCGGTTTTGTAA, GGGCGCCATTTTTCATAGTGATTTA, CAATGGCAAGAGCAGCAGTTAAATC, GTGTATCTTGCAGCGCTTGTCTTTT | Probes used in FISH for detection of CsPV |
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Xue, S.; Liu, X.; Liu, Y.; Lu, C.; Jia, L.; Yu, Y.; Liu, H.; Yang, S.; Zeng, Z.; Li, H.; et al. Determination and Characterization of Novel Papillomavirus and Parvovirus Associated with Mass Mortality of Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) in China. Viruses 2024, 16, 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050705
Xue S, Liu X, Liu Y, Lu C, Jia L, Yu Y, Liu H, Yang S, Zeng Z, Li H, et al. Determination and Characterization of Novel Papillomavirus and Parvovirus Associated with Mass Mortality of Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) in China. Viruses. 2024; 16(5):705. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050705
Chicago/Turabian StyleXue, Shuxia, Xinrui Liu, Yuru Liu, Chang Lu, Lei Jia, Yanguang Yu, Houfu Liu, Siyu Yang, Zhu Zeng, Hui Li, and et al. 2024. "Determination and Characterization of Novel Papillomavirus and Parvovirus Associated with Mass Mortality of Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) in China" Viruses 16, no. 5: 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16050705