Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Chickens in Tanzania and Ghana
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolates from Tanzania and Samples from Ghana
2.2. Partial F Gene Amplification
2.3. Library Preparation and Sequencing
2.4. Phylogenetic Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Geographic Distribution of the Sequences
3.2. Newcastle Disease Virus Pilot Tree
3.3. Genotype V Isolates
3.4. Genotype VII Isolate
3.5. Genotype XIII Isolates
3.6. Genotype XVIII Isolates
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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da Silva, A.P.; Aston, E.J.; Chiwanga, G.H.; Birakos, A.; Muhairwa, A.P.; Kayang, B.B.; Kelly, T.; Zhou, H.; Gallardo, R.A. Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Chickens in Tanzania and Ghana. Viruses 2020, 12, 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12090916
da Silva AP, Aston EJ, Chiwanga GH, Birakos A, Muhairwa AP, Kayang BB, Kelly T, Zhou H, Gallardo RA. Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Chickens in Tanzania and Ghana. Viruses. 2020; 12(9):916. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12090916
Chicago/Turabian Styleda Silva, Ana P., Emily J. Aston, Gaspar H. Chiwanga, Ashley Birakos, Amandus P. Muhairwa, Boniface B. Kayang, Terra Kelly, Huaijun Zhou, and Rodrigo A. Gallardo. 2020. "Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Chickens in Tanzania and Ghana" Viruses 12, no. 9: 916. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12090916