Cross-Species Transmission of Swine Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 to Rabbits
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Animals and Viruses
2.2. RNA Extraction from Fecal and Serum Samples
2.3. Detection of Partial HEV Genomic Sequences
2.4. ELISA for Anti-HEV Antibodies
2.5. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Levels
2.6. Cytokine Levels
2.7. Histopathology
3. Results
3.1. Detection of HEV RNA
3.2. Determination of Anti-HEV Antibody Levels
3.3. Determination of Liver Enzyme Concentrations
3.4. Determination of Cytokine Levels
3.5. Histopathology
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | wpi | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Histopathological Score | Average of Scores |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | F/S * | F/S | F/S | F/S | F/S | F/S | F/S | F/S | |||
Negative Control | 1 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | 0 | 0.25 |
2 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | 0 | ||
3 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | 1 | ||
4 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | 0 | ||
Rabbit HEV | 5 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/+ | −/+ | −/− | −/− | 1 | 2.0 |
6 | −/− | −/− | +/+ | +/+ | +/+ | +/+ | −/− | −/− | 2 | ||
7 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | 3 | ||
8 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | +/− | +/− | −/− | −/− | 2 | ||
Swine HEV-3 | 9 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | 1 | 1.5 |
10 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/+ | +/− | −/− | −/− | 1 | ||
11 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | 0 | ||
12 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/+ | +/+ | +/+ | +/− | −/− | 3 | ||
13 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/+ | −/− | −/− | 1 | ||
14 | −/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | +/− | −/− | −/− | −/− | 3 |
Group | wpi | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Serum | Serum | Serum | Serum | Serum | Serum | Serum | Serum | |
Negative Control | 1 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
2 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | |
3 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | |
4 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | |
Rabbit HEV | 5 | − | − | − | − | + | + | + | + |
6 | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | + | |
7 | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | + | |
8 | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | + | |
Swine HEV−3 | 9 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
10 | − | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | |
11 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | |
12 | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | + | |
13 | − | − | − | − | − | + | + | + | |
14 | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | + |
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Han, S.-H.; Park, B.-J.; Ahn, H.-S.; Kim, Y.-H.; Go, H.-J.; Lee, J.-B.; Park, S.-Y.; Song, C.-S.; Lee, S.-W.; Choi, Y.-K.; et al. Cross-Species Transmission of Swine Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 to Rabbits. Viruses 2020, 12, 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010053
Han S-H, Park B-J, Ahn H-S, Kim Y-H, Go H-J, Lee J-B, Park S-Y, Song C-S, Lee S-W, Choi Y-K, et al. Cross-Species Transmission of Swine Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 to Rabbits. Viruses. 2020; 12(1):53. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010053
Chicago/Turabian StyleHan, Sang-Hoon, Byung-Joo Park, Hee-Seop Ahn, Yong-Hyun Kim, Hyeon-Jeong Go, Joong-Bok Lee, Seung-Yong Park, Chang-Seon Song, Sang-Won Lee, Yang-Kyu Choi, and et al. 2020. "Cross-Species Transmission of Swine Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 to Rabbits" Viruses 12, no. 1: 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010053