Reverse Genetic Approaches for the Generation of Recombinant Zika Virus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Importance of Zika Virus in Human Health
1.2. ZIKV Biology
2. ZIKV Reverse Genetics
2.1. Infectious RNA Transcripts from Full-Length ZIKV cDNAs
2.1.1. Construction of Full-Length ZIKV cDNA Clones Using Low-Copy Number Plasmids
2.1.2. Stabilization of Full-Length ZIKV cDNA by Mutational Inactivation of Cryptic E. coli Promoters (CEPs)
2.1.3. Stabilization of Full-Length ZIKV cDNA Clones Using Intron Insertions
2.1.4. Construction of Full-Length ZIKV cDNA Clones Using In Vitro Ligation
2.1.5. Construction of Full-Length ZIKV cDNA Clones Using Gibson Assembly
2.2. Full-Length Infectious ZIKV cDNA Clones
2.2.1. Stabilization of Infectious Full-Length ZIKV cDNA Clones Using Introns
2.2.2. Assembly of Full-Length Infectious ZIKV cDNA Clones Using Circular Polymerase Extension Cloning (CPEC)
2.2.3. Construction of Full-Length Infectious ZIKV cDNA Clones Using BACs
2.3. Infectious Subgenomic Amplicons (ISA) for the Generation of rZIKVs
3. Rescue of rZIKVs Using Reverse Genetics Approaches
4. Applications of ZIKV Reverse Genetic Approaches
4.1. ZIKV Replicons
4.2. Replicating Competent, Reporter Gene-Expressing rZIKVs
5. Conclusions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Approaches | Advantages | Disadvantages | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Infectious RNA transcripts from full-length ZIKV cDNAs |
|
| [42,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55] |
Full-length infectious ZIKV cDNA clones |
|
| [48,56,57,58,59] |
Infectious subgenomic amplicons (ISA) |
|
| [45,60,61] |
Approaches | Advantages | Disadvantages | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Low-copy number plasmid | Cryptic promoters are maintained at low level of expression | Low plasmid yield Flavivirus genome are often unstable | [46,47,48,49] |
Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) | Minimization of toxicity by a strictly controlled replication leading to only one plasmid per cell. Stable maintenance of large DNA fragments | Low plasmid yield Manipulation of big DNA constructs | [48,56] |
Inactivation of cryptic E. coli promoters (CEP) | CPEs are inactivated | Introduction of punctual mutation can disrupt the viral RNA structure and viral fitness | [50,51] |
Intron insertion | Expression of toxic regions is interrupted in bacteria | Introduction of external sequences in the viral genome | [42,57,58] |
In vitro ligation | Non-required propagation of full-length cDNA in bacteria | Viral genome is maintained in multiple fragments in bacteria Low ligation efficiency Low virus recovery efficiency | [52,53] |
Gibson assembly or Circular polymerase extension cloning (CPEC) | Non-required propagation of full-length cDNA in bacteria Rapid assembly in one step | Viral genome is maintained in multiple fragments in bacteria Low virus recovery efficiency Error rate of the reaction can produce undesired mutations | [54,55,59] |
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Ávila-Pérez, G.; Nogales, A.; Martín, V.; Almazán, F.; Martínez-Sobrido, L. Reverse Genetic Approaches for the Generation of Recombinant Zika Virus. Viruses 2018, 10, 597. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10110597
Ávila-Pérez G, Nogales A, Martín V, Almazán F, Martínez-Sobrido L. Reverse Genetic Approaches for the Generation of Recombinant Zika Virus. Viruses. 2018; 10(11):597. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10110597
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁvila-Pérez, Ginés, Aitor Nogales, Verónica Martín, Fernando Almazán, and Luis Martínez-Sobrido. 2018. "Reverse Genetic Approaches for the Generation of Recombinant Zika Virus" Viruses 10, no. 11: 597. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10110597