Effects of Forest Management Practices on Moth Communities in a Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière) Plantation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Field Sampling
2.2. Functional Groups
2.3. Data Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Differences in Community Composition
3.2. Functional Groups
3.3. Forest Management Practices and Functional Groups
4. Discussion
4.1. Changes in Community Structure and Function Due to the Forest Management Practices
4.2. Aggregated Retention and Biodiversity
4.3. Long-Term Effects of Forest Management Practice
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study Site (Stand) | Acronym | Altitude (m) | Area (ha) | Dominant Vegetation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clearcutting | CC | 980 | 5 | Actinidia polygama, Persicaria nepalensis |
Aggregated retention | AR | 950 | 5 | Magnolia sieboldii K. Koch, Actinidia polygama, Persicaria nepalensis, |
Japanese larch (no cutting) | NC | 910 | 5 | Larix kaempferi, Acer pseudosieboldianum var. ambiguum Nakai, Commelina communis L., Actinidia polygama |
Mongolian oak (no cutting) | OA | 950 | 5 | Quercus dentate Thunb., Actinidia polygama, Ainsliaea acerifolia var. subapoda Nakai |
Community Index | Treatment | May | June | July | August | September | October | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species richness | CC a | 8 | 20 | 32 | 21 | 24 | 0 | 86 |
AR | 2 | 16 | 28 | 17 | 22 | 0 | 67 | |
NC | 9 | 36 | 33 | 24 | 30 | 2 | 108 | |
OA | 13 | 57 | 87 | 54 | 44 | 4 | 201 | |
Overall | 24 | 84 | 122 | 85 | 74 | 6 | 301 | |
Abundance | CC | 8 | 40 | 96 | 71 | 86 | 0 | 301 |
AR | 3 | 52 | 67 | 52 | 56 | 0 | 230 | |
NC | 24 | 135 | 91 | 74 | 57 | 2 | 383 | |
OA | 36 | 418 | 576 | 171 | 232 | 11 | 1444 | |
Overall | 71 | 645 | 830 | 368 | 431 | 13 | 2358 | |
Shannon diversity | CC | 2.08 | 2.46 | 2.57 | 2.01 | 2.53 | 0.00 | 3.19 |
AR | 0.64 | 2.14 | 2.55 | 1.76 | 2.33 | 0.00 | 2.95 | |
NC | 1.90 | 2.89 | 2.96 | 2.23 | 3.05 | 0.69 | 3.69 | |
OA | 1.93 | 2.64 | 3.1 | 2.87 | 2.83 | 1.16 | 3.65 | |
Overall | 2.56 | 2.95 | 3.24 | 2.86 | 3.20 | 1.52 | 3.84 |
Family | Species | Dominant Species a | Biological Trait | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CC b | AR | NC | OA | Host Plant c | Distribution Pattern d | ||
Noctuidae | Xestia fuscostigma | 2 | 5 | HR | M | ||
Athetis gluteosa | 3 | HR | N | ||||
Sineugraphe exusta | 4 | Unknown | N | ||||
Geometridae | Idaea biselata | 5 | 1 | 3 | HR/TS | M | |
Eustroma melancholicum | 2 | SR | M | ||||
Alcis angulifera | 4 | 1 | 4 | HR/SR/TS/LC | M | ||
Duliophyle agitata | 4 | SR/TS | M | ||||
Erebidae | Paracolax tristalis | 1 | 3 | 5 | 2 | SR/TS | N |
Hydrillodes pacifica | 2 | 1 | Unknown | S | |||
Zanclognatha Griselda | 3 | TS | N | ||||
Zanclognatha lunalis (Scopoil) | 5 | SR/TS | N |
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Moon, M.Y.; Kim, S.-S.; Lee, D.-S.; Yang, H.M.; Park, C.-W.; Kim, H.S.; Park, Y.-S. Effects of Forest Management Practices on Moth Communities in a Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière) Plantation. Forests 2018, 9, 574. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090574
Moon MY, Kim S-S, Lee D-S, Yang HM, Park C-W, Kim HS, Park Y-S. Effects of Forest Management Practices on Moth Communities in a Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière) Plantation. Forests. 2018; 9(9):574. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090574
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoon, Mi Young, Sung-Soo Kim, Dae-Seong Lee, Hee Moon Yang, Chan-Woo Park, Hyun Seop Kim, and Young-Seuk Park. 2018. "Effects of Forest Management Practices on Moth Communities in a Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière) Plantation" Forests 9, no. 9: 574. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090574