Variation in Organ Biomass with Changing Climate and Forest Characteristics across Chinese Forests
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Temperature Effects
4.2. Precipitation Effects
4.3. The Effects of Forest Characteristics
4.4. Latitude Effects
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Forest Type | Latitude (°N) | Longitude (°E) | Mean Annual Temperature (°C) | Mean Annual Precipitation (mm) | Stand Age (years) | Stand Density (trees ha−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Larix forest | 28.62–52.60 | 86.40–131.80 | −6.2–12.9 | 357–1274 | 30–195 | 219–20,535 |
Alpine Picea abies forest | 26.14–52.60 | 81.10–131.80 | −6.6–13.9 | 370–1937 | 46–317 | 125–3967 |
Temperate Pinus tabulaeformis forest | 32.60–42.60 | 103.79–129.50 | 2.9–18.7 | 380–1173 | 15–95 | 146–8506 |
Temperate mixed coniferous-broadleaved forest | 40.88–50.70 | 123.90–133.50 | −0.4–16.0 | 300–838 | 20–238 | 200–3920 |
Temperate typical deciduous broadleaved forest | 28.25–51.70 | 103.00–134.00 | −3.3–18.6 | 410–1142 | 20–157 | 166–8326 |
Temperate/subtropical montane Populus–Betula deciduous forest | 25.75–52.50 | 85.20–134.00 | −5.5–17.4 | 241–1283 | 25–222 | 149–7302 |
Subtropical montane Populus spp. and Betula spp. forest | 25.50–33.59 | 85.20–113.10 | 2.7–18.2 | 370–1937 | 8–220 | 376–3450 |
Subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest | 20.70–30.25 | 85.20–120.17 | 3.5–25.4 | 637–2323 | 3–200 | 150–9257 |
Subtropical Pinus massoniana forest | 21.72–32.70 | 105.08–120.60 | 12.2–24.0 | 1020–2006 | 15–101 | 392–6700 |
Subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata forest | 18.7–32.33 | 103.37–121.57 | 9.4–22.4 | 720–2989 | 16–55 | 1018–4978 |
Organ | Forest | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stem | Branches | Leaves | Roots | |||
Biomass | Range | 1.96–534.24 | 0.54–211.88 | 0.53–31.45 | 0.52–232.53 | 3.86–657.30 |
Mean ± SD | 87.84 ± 63.93 | 19.82 ± 18.82 | 7.14 ± 4.23 | 27.70 ± 19.38 | 142.31 ± 93.06 | |
Organ/Forest | Range | 0.34–0.87 | 0.02–0.37 | 0.01–0.28 | 0.06–0.45 | |
Mean ± SD | 0.60 ± 0.08 | 0.14 ± 0.06 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.20 ± 0.06 |
Site Conditions | Fstem | Fbra | Flea | Froot |
---|---|---|---|---|
Longitude (E, °C) | −0.259 ** | 0.145 ** | 0.081 * | 0.185 ** |
Latitude (N, °C) | −0.176 ** | −0.118 ** | 0.019 | 0.394 ** |
BAFS | Models | Equations | p | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fstem | 1 | Stem biomass fractions = 0.0010age + 0.555 | 0.000 | 0.136 |
2 | Stem biomass fractions = 0.0010age − 0.003latitude + 0.649 | 0.000 | 0.195 | |
3 | Stem biomass fractions = 0.0010age − 0.005latitude − 0.030temperature + 0.751 | 0.000 | 0.202 | |
4 | Stem biomass fractions = 0.0010age − 0.005latitude − 0.040temperature + 0.000023precipitation + 0.726 | 0.000 | 0.207 | |
Fbra | 1 | Branch biomass fractions = −0.0004age + 0.17 | 0.000 | 0.086 |
2 | Branch biomass fractions = −0.0005age − 0.000008density + 0.187 | 0.000 | 0.115 | |
3 | Branch biomass fractions = −0.0004age − 0.000008density + 0.010temperature + 0.169 | 0.000 | 0.130 | |
4 | Branch biomass fractions = −0.0003age − 0.000008density + 0.040temperature + 0.030latitude + 0.052 | 0.000 | 0.146 | |
Flea | 1 | Leaf biomass fractions = −0.0002age + 0.072 | 0.000 | 0.132 |
2 | Leaf biomass fractions = −0.0002age − 0.000009precipitation + 0.082 | 0.000 | 0.151 | |
3 | Leaf biomass fractions = −0.0004age − 0.000017precipitation + 0.010temperature + 0.082 | 0.000 | 0.157 | |
Froot | 1 | Root biomass fractions = 0.003latitude + 0.098 | 0.000 | 0.154 |
2 | Root biomass fractions = 0.003latitude + 0.000008density + 0.088 | 0.000 | 0.197 |
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Fang, Y.; Zou, X.; Lie, Z.; Xue, L. Variation in Organ Biomass with Changing Climate and Forest Characteristics across Chinese Forests. Forests 2018, 9, 521. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090521
Fang Y, Zou X, Lie Z, Xue L. Variation in Organ Biomass with Changing Climate and Forest Characteristics across Chinese Forests. Forests. 2018; 9(9):521. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090521
Chicago/Turabian StyleFang, Yiran, Xiaojun Zou, Zhiyang Lie, and Li Xue. 2018. "Variation in Organ Biomass with Changing Climate and Forest Characteristics across Chinese Forests" Forests 9, no. 9: 521. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090521