Predicting Aboveground Biomass in Second Growth Coast Redwood: Comparing Localized with Generic Allometric Models
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Description of Coast Redwood
2.2. Study Sites
2.3. Sampling Procedures and Data Collection
2.4. Bole Measurements
2.5. Branch Measurements
2.6. Laboratory Measurements
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Model Selection
3.2. Comparing with Previous Studies
3.3. Scope and Limitations of Application
4. Conclusions
- Biomass components and tree dimensions, in general, were closely related to the dbh and were able to account for around 90% of the variance.
- The study site can be characterized as a second-growth even-aged stand and the dbh range for candidate trees used to estimate TAGB and foliage was 2.54–84.07 cm, while for all other tree components and dimensions the range was 8.25–84.07 cm.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
dbh | diameter at breast height |
H | Height |
Ln | natural logarithm |
log10 | Log to the base of 10 |
ODKg | Oven dry kilogram |
TAGB | Total Aboveground Biomass |
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Tree/Biomass Components | Description |
---|---|
dbh | Diameter at breast height; measured in centimeters (cm). |
Height (H) | Total height of the tree from the ground to tip of the crown; measured in meters (m). |
Stump | Remaining portion (0.30 m above ground) of the stem after the tree is felled with roots still in the ground. For calculating TAGB, the biomass in stump was included in the bole. |
Bole (stem) | Biomass in stump, bole and bark up to 2.54 cm top; measured in oven dry kilograms (ODkg). |
Live branch | Biomass in living branches; measured in ODkg. |
Dead branch | Biomass in dead branches; measured in ODkg. |
Foliage | Biomass in entire foliage (both live and dead); measured in ODkg. |
Wood weight | Biomass in bole (main stem) above the stump including bark; measured in ODkg. |
Bark | Biomass in bark; measured in ODkg. |
Total aboveground biomass (TAGB) | Biomass in all tree components including bole, branch (dead and live), and foliage; measured in ODkg. |
Height to live crown base | Height from an imaginary horizontal line drawn across the stem from the bottom of the lowest live foliage of the live crown for trees and from the lowest live foliage of the lowest twig for saplings [25]; measured in m. |
Volume | Volume of bole (including bark) above the stump up to the top 2.54 cm; measured in m3. |
Stands | Tree Types | A | B |
---|---|---|---|
Ground slope range (%) | 3–37 | 0–50 | |
Average slope (%) | 22 | 31 | |
Basal area (m2·ha−1) | C | 9 | 9 |
H | 4 | 2 | |
D | 0.4 | 1 | |
SD | 0.5 | 2 | |
Trees density (Number of trees ha−1) | C | 75 | 84 |
H | 45 | 42 | |
D | 17 | 23 | |
SD | 126 | 194 | |
Average dbh (cm) | C | 35 | 37 |
H | 31 | 25 | |
D | 14 | 14 | |
SD | 9 | 10 |
Diameter at Breast Height (cm) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–10 | 11–20 | 21–30 | 31–40 | 41–50 | 51–60 | 61–70 | 71–80 | 81–90 | Total | ||
Height (m) | 1–5 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
5–10 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
11–15 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||
16–20 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | ||||||
21–25 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
26–30 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
31–35 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8 | ||||||
36–40 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | ||||||
Total | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 29 |
Intercept | dbh a | H b | R2 | Adjusted R2 | RMSE c | CF d | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TAGB | −0.8252 | 2.2607 | 0.9878 | 0.9874 | 0.1036 | 0.0054 | |
Biomass Components | |||||||
Bole (stem) e | −0.9180 | 2.2931 | 0.9740 | 0.9729 | 0.1118 | 0.0062 | |
Live branch | −1.8562 | 2.0382 | 0.8804 | 0.8754 | 0.2242 | 0.0251 | |
Dead branch | −3.5952 | 2.3257 | 0.5766 | 0.5589 | 0.5948 | 0.1769 | |
Foliage | −1.3094 | 1.5819 | 0.9386 | 0.9364 | 0.1669 | 0.0139 | |
Bark | −1.9063 | 2.4469 | 0.9787 | 0.9779 | 0.1076 | 0.0058 | |
Tree dimensions | |||||||
Wood f | −0.9553 | 2.2613 | 0.9710 | 0.9698 | 0.1167 | 0.0068 | |
Height | 0.4943 | 0.5808 | 0.8511 | 0.8449 | 0.0725 | 0.0026 | |
Volume of bole g | −3.5879 | 2.2859 | 0.9690 | 0.9677 | 0.1220 | 0.0074 | |
Height to live crown | −0.1241 | 0.8791 | 0.6715 | 0.6572 | 0.1176 | 0.0069 | |
Height to live crown | 0.3275 | 0.5034 | 0.5529 | 0.5335 | 0.1372 | 0.0094 |
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Kizha, A.R.; Han, H.-S. Predicting Aboveground Biomass in Second Growth Coast Redwood: Comparing Localized with Generic Allometric Models. Forests 2016, 7, 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/f7050096
Kizha AR, Han H-S. Predicting Aboveground Biomass in Second Growth Coast Redwood: Comparing Localized with Generic Allometric Models. Forests. 2016; 7(5):96. https://doi.org/10.3390/f7050096
Chicago/Turabian StyleKizha, Anil Raj, and Han-Sup Han. 2016. "Predicting Aboveground Biomass in Second Growth Coast Redwood: Comparing Localized with Generic Allometric Models" Forests 7, no. 5: 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/f7050096
APA StyleKizha, A. R., & Han, H.-S. (2016). Predicting Aboveground Biomass in Second Growth Coast Redwood: Comparing Localized with Generic Allometric Models. Forests, 7(5), 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/f7050096