A Review of Domain Modelling and Domain Imaging Techniques in Ferroelectric Crystals
Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK
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Materials 2011, 4(2), 417-447; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma4020417
Received: 11 January 2011 / Accepted: 14 February 2011 / Published: 16 February 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ferroelectric & Piezoelectric Materials)
The present paper reviews models of domain structure in ferroelectric crystals, thin films and bulk materials. Common crystal structures in ferroelectric materials are described and the theory of compatible domain patterns is introduced. Applications to multi-rank laminates are presented. Alternative models employing phase-field and related techniques are reviewed. The paper then presents methods of observing ferroelectric domain structure, including optical, polarized light, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray and neutron diffraction, atomic force microscopy and piezo-force microscopy. Use of more than one technique for unambiguous identification of the domain structure is also described.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Potnis, P.R.; Tsou, N.-T.; Huber, J.E. A Review of Domain Modelling and Domain Imaging Techniques in Ferroelectric Crystals. Materials 2011, 4, 417-447.
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