Next Article in Journal
Investigation of the Hydration and Solidification Effect of Peanut Ash Cement-Based Stabilizer in Soft Clay Treatment
Previous Article in Journal
The Behaviours of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Carbon Nanotube-Layered Nanocomposites
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Materials
Volume 19
Issue 2
10.3390/ma19020317
materials-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

The Influence of Material and Process Parameters on Pressure Agglomeration and Properties of Pellets Produced from Torrefied Forest Logging Residues

by
Arkadiusz Gendek
1,*,
Monika Aniszewska
1,
Paweł Tylek
2,
Grzegorz Szewczyk
2,
Jozef Krilek
3,
Iveta Čabalová
4,
Jan Malaťák
5,
Jiří Bradna
5 and
Katalin Szakálos-Mátyás
6
1
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 164, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
2
Department of Forest Utilization and Forestry Technology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
3
Department of Environmental and Forestry Machinery, Faculty of Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia
4
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia
5
Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
6
Institute of Forest and Natural Resource Management, University of Sopron, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky u. 4, 9400 Sopron, Hungary
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2026, 19(2), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020317
Submission received: 17 December 2025 / Revised: 9 January 2026 / Accepted: 11 January 2026 / Published: 13 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis for Biomass Materials Conversion)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Pellets produced from raw or torrefied shredded logging residues have been investigated in the study. The research material came from pine and spruce stands in Poland, Slovakia, Czechia and Hungary. Torrefaction temperatures (Tt) of 250, 300, and 400 °C were applied. Before pressure agglomeration, 3% wheat flour was added to the torrefaction material as a binding agent. Pellets with a diameter of 8 mm were produced at constant humidity, compaction pressure (P) of 140 or 180 MPa and agglomeration temperature (Ta) of 100, 120 or 140 °C. The produced pellets were assessed for their physicomechanical parameters (density, radial compressive strength, compression ratio, modulus of elasticity), chemical parameters (extractive compounds, cellulose, lignin) and energy parameters (ash content, elemental composition, calorific value). The results were subjected to basic statistical analysis and multi-way ANOVA. The produced pellets varied in physical, mechanical, chemical and energy properties. A significant effect of torrefaction temperature, agglomeration temperature and compaction pressure on the results was observed. In terms of physicomechanical parameters, the best pellets were produced from the raw material, while in terms of energy parameters, those produced from the torrefied material were superior. Pellets of satisfactory quality produced from torrefied logging residues could be obtained at Tt = 250 °C, Ta = 120 °C and P = 180 MPa. Pellets with specific density of approximately 1.1 g·cm−3, radial compressive strength of 3–3.5 MPa, modulus of elasticity of 60–80 MPa and calorific value of 20.3–23.8 MJ·kg−1 were produced in the process.
Keywords: biomass; pellets; torrefaction; compressive strength; elemental composition; calorific value biomass; pellets; torrefaction; compressive strength; elemental composition; calorific value

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Gendek, A.; Aniszewska, M.; Tylek, P.; Szewczyk, G.; Krilek, J.; Čabalová, I.; Malaťák, J.; Bradna, J.; Szakálos-Mátyás, K. The Influence of Material and Process Parameters on Pressure Agglomeration and Properties of Pellets Produced from Torrefied Forest Logging Residues. Materials 2026, 19, 317. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020317

AMA Style

Gendek A, Aniszewska M, Tylek P, Szewczyk G, Krilek J, Čabalová I, Malaťák J, Bradna J, Szakálos-Mátyás K. The Influence of Material and Process Parameters on Pressure Agglomeration and Properties of Pellets Produced from Torrefied Forest Logging Residues. Materials. 2026; 19(2):317. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020317

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gendek, Arkadiusz, Monika Aniszewska, Paweł Tylek, Grzegorz Szewczyk, Jozef Krilek, Iveta Čabalová, Jan Malaťák, Jiří Bradna, and Katalin Szakálos-Mátyás. 2026. "The Influence of Material and Process Parameters on Pressure Agglomeration and Properties of Pellets Produced from Torrefied Forest Logging Residues" Materials 19, no. 2: 317. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020317

APA Style

Gendek, A., Aniszewska, M., Tylek, P., Szewczyk, G., Krilek, J., Čabalová, I., Malaťák, J., Bradna, J., & Szakálos-Mátyás, K. (2026). The Influence of Material and Process Parameters on Pressure Agglomeration and Properties of Pellets Produced from Torrefied Forest Logging Residues. Materials, 19(2), 317. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020317

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop