Bending and Straightening of a Medium Carbon Steel Continuous Casting Slab with Low Temperature End Plastic Groove
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. High Temperature Tensile Test
2.2. Numerical Simulation
2.2.1. Assumption
2.2.2. Governing Equation
2.2.3. Initial Condition
2.2.4. Mold Boundary Conditions
2.2.5. Boundary Conditions of the Second Cooling Zone
Pinch Roll Heat Transfer
Radiation Heat Transfer
Spray Water Heat Transfer
2.2.6. Thermophysical Parameters
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Steel Grade Brittle Temperature Range
3.2. Surface Temperature Distribution of Casting Slab
3.3. Microstructure of Continuous Casting Slab
3.4. Optimization of the Secondary Cooling Water Distribution Scheme
3.5. Application Result
3.5.1. Test Results
3.5.2. Microstructure of the Corner of the Continuous Casting Slab
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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C | Si | Mn | P | S | Al | Ti | N | Cr | Ni | Mo | Ca |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.2945 | 0.1988 | 0.5122 | 0.0181 | 0.0019 | 0.0221 | 0.015 | 0.00417 | 0.97 | 0.1292 | 0.1673 | 0.0019 |
Test Temperature (°C) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
650 | 700 | 725 | 750 | 775 | 800 | 825 | 650 | 700 | 725 | 750 | 775 | 800 |
Parameter | Equation | Method |
---|---|---|
Solidus | Empirical formula [24] | |
Liquidus | Empirical formula [24] | |
Thermal conductivity | Equivalent thermal conductivity [25] | |
Specific heat capacity 1 | Equivalent specific heat capacity [26] | |
Latent heat of solidification | Lf = 272 kJ·kg | Calculated [26] |
Density | Equivalent density [24] |
Cooling Section | Original Water Volume Inside (Outside) L·min−1 | Weak Cold Water Inside (Outside) L·min−1 | Strong Cold Water Inside (Outside) L·min−1 |
---|---|---|---|
1N | 128 | 77 | 145 |
1IO | 150 | 120 | 200 |
2IO | 187 | 90 | 350 |
3IO | 212 | 119 | 420 |
4IO | 202 | 114 | 359.5 |
5IO | 172 | 128 | 230.9 |
6 | 66 (79) | 56 (67.3) | 78.1 (93.8) |
7 | 102 (143) | 99 (138.6) | 105.1 (147.1) |
8 | 65 (98) | 68 (102.1) | 61.7 (92.6) |
9 | 52 (89) | 52 (89) | 52 (89) |
10 | 60 (140) | 50 (100) | 50 (100) |
11 | 60 (140) | 70 (160) | 20 (100) |
Total water (L) | 2145 | 1700 | 2694.8 |
Specific water | 0.72 L·kg−1 | 0.56 L·kg−1 | 0.89 L·kg−1 |
Defect | Test (One Strand) | Same Strand Comparison Test (One Strand) | Different Strand Comparison Test (Two Strands) |
---|---|---|---|
Corner transverse crack | 0 | 2 | 10 |
Flawless | 12 | 38 | 42 |
Total | 12 | 40 | 52 |
Defect rate (%) | 0 | 5 | 19 |
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Yang, J.; Zhang, F.; Li, J.; Liu, W.; Wang, T.; Yuan, H.; Cang, D. Bending and Straightening of a Medium Carbon Steel Continuous Casting Slab with Low Temperature End Plastic Groove. Materials 2022, 15, 2609. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072609
Yang J, Zhang F, Li J, Liu W, Wang T, Yuan H, Cang D. Bending and Straightening of a Medium Carbon Steel Continuous Casting Slab with Low Temperature End Plastic Groove. Materials. 2022; 15(7):2609. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072609
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jingbo, Fujun Zhang, Jingshe Li, Wei Liu, Tiantian Wang, Hang Yuan, and Daqiang Cang. 2022. "Bending and Straightening of a Medium Carbon Steel Continuous Casting Slab with Low Temperature End Plastic Groove" Materials 15, no. 7: 2609. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15072609