Influence of Selected Ophthalmic Fluids on the Wettability and Hydration of Hydrogel and Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses—In Vitro Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Contact Lenses
2.2. Sample Preparation
2.3. Dehydration
2.4. Wettability and Surface Free Energy (SFE)
2.4.1. Owens–Wendt Method
2.4.2. Wu Method
2.4.3. Neumann Method
2.4.4. Neumann–Kwok Method
3. Results
3.1. Dehydration
3.2. Wettability and Surface Free Energy (SFE)
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | EWC [%] | Oxygen Permeability [Dk/t] | FDA Group | Chemical Composition |
---|---|---|---|---|
Etafilcon A | 58 | 23.8–28 | IV | HEMA, MAA, EGDMA, TMPTMA, PVP |
Omafilcon A | 60 | 37 | II | HEMA, PC |
Narafilcon A | 46 | 118 | V | HEMA, mPDMS, DMA, TEGDMA, PVP, siloxane monomer |
Senofilcon A | 38 | 103–147 | I | mPDMS, DMA, HEMA, siloxane macromere, PVP, TEGDMA |
Measuring Liquid | |||
---|---|---|---|
Distilled water | 72.8 | 21.8 | 51.0 |
Diiodomethane | 50.8 | 50.8 | 0.0 |
Material | Contact Angle () | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Initial State | After Incubation | |||
in CLS | in CLS & ED | in ED | ||
Etafilcon A | 40.3 ± 6.9 | 44.8 ± 5.6 | 40.6 ± 3.2 | - |
Omafilcon A | 43.7 ± 7.0 | 46.7 ± 9.3 | 45.3 ± 6.9 | - |
Narafilcon A | 72.2 ± 9.7 | 73.8 ± 5.9 | 75.9 ± 5.3 | - |
Senofilcon A | 76.3 ± 8.1 | 78.6 ± 5.6 | 81.6 ± 8.9 | - |
Material | Environment | Owens-Wendt | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Etafilcon A | Initial state | 26.35 ± 4.73 | 31.74 ± 5.42 | 58.09 ± 4.86 |
CLS | 25.13 ± 4.09 | 29.68 ± 4.48 | 54.81 ± 4.12 | |
CLS & ED | 26.63 ± 3.37 | 31.35 ± 3.26 | 57.98 ± 2.22 | |
ED | 21.20 ± 3.11 | - | - | |
Omafilcon A | Initial state | 28.03 ± 5.21 | 28.29 ± 5.36 | 56.32 ± 4.86 |
CLS | 26.77 ± 5.28 | 27.68 ± 7.35 | 54.45 ± 6.56 | |
CLS & ED | 28.93 ± 4.89 | 27.02 ± 5.85 | 55.95 ± 4.79 | |
ED | 22.59 ± 3.89 | - | - | |
Narafilcon A | Initial state | 21.37 ± 5.43 | 13.96 ± 5.85 | 35.33 ± 6.56 |
CLS | 22.59 ± 3.57 | 12.03 ± 3.81 | 34.62 ± 3.55 | |
CLS & ED | 21.72 ± 3.65 | 11.14 ± 3.59 | 32.86 ± 3.47 | |
ED | 19.77 ± 4.42 | - | - | |
Senofilcon A | Initial state | 23.55 ± 5.67 | 10.49 ± 5.08 | 34.04 ± 5.65 |
CLS | 25.69 ± 3.70 | 8.07 ± 2.95 | 33.75 ± 3.78 | |
CLS & ED | 26.58 ± 4.76 | 6.81 ± 4.27 | 33.39 ± 5.13 | |
ED | 21.41 ± 4.26 | - | - |
Material | Environment | Wu | Neumann | Neumann–Kwok | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Etafilcon A | Initial state | 28.61 ± 4.03 | 32.22 ± 4.16 | 60.83 ± 4.50 | 59.10 ± 3.74 | 58.80 ± 3.85 |
CLS | 27.57 ± 3.48 | 30.26 ± 3.41 | 57.83 ± 3.80 | 56.69 ± 3.15 | 56.33 ± 3.24 | |
CLS & ED | 28.84 ± 2.87 | 31.91 ± 2.31 | 60.75 ± 2.19 | 59.00 ± 1.73 | 58.71 ± 1.78 | |
ED | 24.24 ± 2.64 | - | - | - | - | |
Omafilcon A | Initial state | 30.05 ± 4.47 | 29.59 ± 4.07 | 59.64 ± 4.60 | 57.11 ± 3.80 | 56.76 ± 3.91 |
CLS | 28.98 ± 4.51 | 28.87 ± 5.79 | 57.85 ± 5.81 | 55.78 ± 5.45 | 55.40 ± 5.60 | |
CLS & ED | 30.82 ± 4.21 | 28.67 ± 4.47 | 59.49 ± 4.38 | 56.49 ± 4.08 | 56.12 ± 4.19 | |
ED | 25.41 ± 3.30 | - | - | - | - | |
Narafilcon A | Initial state | 24.37 ± 4.62 | 16.57 ± 4.99 | 40.94 ± 6.03 | 40.32 ± 5.98 | 39.72 ± 5.94 |
CLS | 25.41 ± 3.04 | 15.13 ± 3.24 | 40.54 ± 3.29 | 39.37 ± 3.66 | 38.74 ± 3.62 | |
CLS & ED | 24.67 ± 3.11 | 14.28 ± 3.00 | 38.95 ± 3.20 | 38.01 ± 3.31 | 37.38 ± 3.28 | |
ED | 23.02 ± 3.76 | - | - | - | - | |
Senofilcon A | Initial state | 26.22 ± 4.82 | 13.78 ± 4.32 | 40.00 ± 5.27 | 37.80 ± 5.01 | 37.20 ± 4.97 |
CLS | 28.04 ± 3.14 | 11.86 ± 2.73 | 39.90 ± 3.61 | 36.33 ± 3.50 | 35.73 ± 3.45 | |
CLS & ED | 28.81 ± 4.06 | 10.44 ± 4.22 | 39.25 ± 5.01 | 34.47 ± 5.55 | 33.92 ± 5.44 | |
ED | 24.41 ± 3.61 | - | - | - | - |
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Chwalik-Pilszyk, G.; Wiśniewska, A. Influence of Selected Ophthalmic Fluids on the Wettability and Hydration of Hydrogel and Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses—In Vitro Study. Materials 2022, 15, 930. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030930
Chwalik-Pilszyk G, Wiśniewska A. Influence of Selected Ophthalmic Fluids on the Wettability and Hydration of Hydrogel and Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses—In Vitro Study. Materials. 2022; 15(3):930. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030930
Chicago/Turabian StyleChwalik-Pilszyk, Gabriela, and Anna Wiśniewska. 2022. "Influence of Selected Ophthalmic Fluids on the Wettability and Hydration of Hydrogel and Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses—In Vitro Study" Materials 15, no. 3: 930. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030930