Influence of Magnetite Nanoparticles Shape and Spontaneous Surface Oxidation on the Electron Transport Mechanism
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles in a Hydrophobic–Hydrophilic Environment
2.2. Materials Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Structural Analysis and Magnetic Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticles
3.2. Dielectric Properties of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Different Sizes, Shapes, and Maghemite Contents
3.3. Electrical Conductivity of Magnetite Nanoparticles
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | DH-W (nm) | ε (10−3) | Dav (nm) | υ1 (cm−1) | υ2 (cm−1) | υ2′ (cm−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fe3O4 | 9.06 | 0 | 11.1 ± 2.2 | 444.5 | 583.6 | 630.0 |
Fe3O4–en | 11.8 | 14.6 | 10.7 ± 3.8 | 445.5 | 582.4 | 629.6 |
Fe3O4–ClT | 10 | 13.11 | 11.4 ± 2.6 | 444.5 | 588.0 | 631.6 |
Fe3O4–PPh3 | 8.04 | 21.7 | 9.6 ± 2.0 | 440.6 | 580.5 | 630.6 |
Sample | Ms (emu/g) | Mr (emu/g) | Hc (Oe) | Mr/Ms (a.u.) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fe3O4 | 55.1 | 1.4 | 13.6 | 25.2 × 10−3 |
Fe3O4–en | 52.5 | 2.1 | 24.4 | 39.4 × 10−3 |
Fe3O4–ClT | 44.7 | 1.1 | 13.1 | 23.7 × 10−3 |
Fe3O4–PPh3 | 55.2 | 0.9 | 8.7 | 15.8 × 10−3 |
Sample | Parameters | Sextets | Single Line | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | L | ||
Fe3O4 | Is (mm/s) | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.55 | 0.48 | 0.18 | - | - | 0.26 |
Qs (mm/) | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.02 | - | |||
H (T) | 47.6 | 43.2 | 38.2 | 30.3 | 19.9 | - | |||
A (%) | 41 | 25 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 8 | |||
Fe3O4–en | Is (mm/s) | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.56 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.18 | - | 0.17 |
Qs (mm/) | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | - | ||
H (T) | 47.9 | 43.9 | 43.0 | 37.9 | 29.5 | 10.4 | - | ||
A (%) | 38 | 19 | 10 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 3 | ||
Fe3O4–ClT | Is (mm/s) | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.60 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.32 | - | 0.37 |
Qs (mm/) | 0.00 | −0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | −0.01 | - | ||
H (T) | 47.2 | 42.8 | 41.8 | 35.8 | 27.3 | 8.6 | - | ||
A (%) | 23 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 15 | 12 | 15 | ||
Fe3O4–PPh3 | Is (mm/s) | 0.37 | 0.26 | 0.60 | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.28 |
Qs (mm/) | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | −0.02 | −0.02 | - | |
H (T) | 46.9 | 41.8 | 41.4 | 35.4 | 29.9 | 23.8 | 9.7 | - | |
A (%) | 27 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 12 | 8 |
Sample | Ea,low T (eV) | Ea,highT (eV) |
---|---|---|
Fe3O4 | 0.15 | 0.26 |
Fe3O4–en | 0.17 | 0.25 |
Fe3O4–ClT | 0.15 | 0.24 |
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Radoń, A.; Kądziołka-Gaweł, M.; Łukowiec, D.; Gębara, P.; Cesarz-Andraczke, K.; Kolano-Burian, A.; Włodarczyk, P.; Polak, M.; Babilas, R. Influence of Magnetite Nanoparticles Shape and Spontaneous Surface Oxidation on the Electron Transport Mechanism. Materials 2021, 14, 5241. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14185241
Radoń A, Kądziołka-Gaweł M, Łukowiec D, Gębara P, Cesarz-Andraczke K, Kolano-Burian A, Włodarczyk P, Polak M, Babilas R. Influence of Magnetite Nanoparticles Shape and Spontaneous Surface Oxidation on the Electron Transport Mechanism. Materials. 2021; 14(18):5241. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14185241
Chicago/Turabian StyleRadoń, Adrian, Mariola Kądziołka-Gaweł, Dariusz Łukowiec, Piotr Gębara, Katarzyna Cesarz-Andraczke, Aleksandra Kolano-Burian, Patryk Włodarczyk, Marcin Polak, and Rafał Babilas. 2021. "Influence of Magnetite Nanoparticles Shape and Spontaneous Surface Oxidation on the Electron Transport Mechanism" Materials 14, no. 18: 5241. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14185241