Friction Stir Processing of Copper-Coated SiC Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Microstructure and XRD Analysis
3.2. EPMA Analysis on Cu-Coated SiC Reinforcement in SZ
3.3. HRTEM Investigation on Interface between SiC Reinforcement and Al Matrix
3.4. Hardness Test
- The intermediate inter-diffusion layer between Cu-coating and Al matrix provides better adhesion between the reinforced SiC particle and matrix.
- The very fine Cu debris, which is randomly distributed in the SZ provide a dispersive strengthening effect in impeding the plastic deformation.
- The diffusion of the copper atoms into the Al matrix rendered slightly elevated Cu content, which provides an additional solid solution strengthening effect.
3.5. Tensile Test
3.6. Fractography on Tensile Specimens
4. Conclusions
- The microstructure reveals a defect-free stir zone characterized by uniform distribution of SiC or Cu-coated SiC particulate reinforcement. Perfect cohesion between SiC particles and Al-matrix or between Cu-coated SiC particles and Al matrix has been achieved.
- During friction stir processing, the intermetallic compounds, such as Al2Cu and Al4Cu9, were in-situ formed at the inter-diffusion layer between the Cu layer around the SiC particles and the Al matrix. The formation of the IMCs may enhance the cohesion of the reinforced particles to the matrix and results in the effective improvement in micro-hardness and tensile strength.
- Peeling-off Cu-coating from the SiC particles during FSP could result in the dispersion of very fine Cu debris in the matrix and provide further dispersion strengthening and solid solution strengthening of Al6061.
- The concept that is realized in this work may open a new way of fabrication of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Elements | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Cr | Al |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight % | 0.478 | 0.800 | 0.284 | 0.148 | 0.968 | 0.277 | Balance |
Base Material | UTS(MPa) | YS(MPa) | Elongation (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Al6061-T651 | 312 | 289 | 15.5 |
Components | Concentration |
---|---|
CuSO4·5H2O | 0.03 mol/L |
EDTA | 0.1 mol/L |
2,2′-bipyridyl | 5 × 10−4 mol/L |
Potassium Ferrocyanide | 5 × 10−4 mol/L |
Formaldehyde (35 wt %) | 13.5 mL/L |
SiC particles | 2 g/L |
HF | HCl | HNO3 | DI Water |
---|---|---|---|
12 mL | 12 mL | 12 mL | 150 mL |
Reinforcement Schemes of SZ | UTS (MPa) | (MPa) | (%) | Fracture Location |
---|---|---|---|---|
Al FSPed 1pass | 195 | 134 | 10.2 | TMAZ |
Al-SiC 1pass | 199 | 134 | 8.9 | TMAZ |
Al-SiC/Cu 1pass | 205 | 137 | 9.2 | TMAZ |
Al FSPed 2pass | 192 | 123 | 10.7 | TMAZ |
Al-SiC 2pass | 197 | 130 | 10.4 | TMAZ |
Al-SiC/Cu 2pass | 243 | 175 | 9.6 | TMAZ |
Reinforcement Schemes of SZ | UTS (MPa) | (MPa) | (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Al6061-T651 | 312 | 289 | 15.5 |
Al FSPed 1pass | 246 | 128 | 35.5 |
Al-SiC 1pass | 222 | 122 | 14.2 |
Al-SiC/Cu 1pass | 235 | 126 | 18.4 |
Al FSPed 2pass | 251 | 130 | 37.0 |
Al-SiC 2pass | 240 | 125 | 24.7 |
Al-SiC/Cu 2pass | 265 | 141 | 20.1 |
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Huang, C.-W.; Aoh, J.-N. Friction Stir Processing of Copper-Coated SiC Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite. Materials 2018, 11, 599. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040599
Huang C-W, Aoh J-N. Friction Stir Processing of Copper-Coated SiC Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite. Materials. 2018; 11(4):599. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040599
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Chih-Wei, and Jong-Ning Aoh. 2018. "Friction Stir Processing of Copper-Coated SiC Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite" Materials 11, no. 4: 599. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040599