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Volume 18
Issue 21
10.3390/en18215721
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Article

Extension and Validation of the Short-Cut GMM Model for Biomass-to-Electricity Applications

by
Emiliano Angelucci
,
Diego Barba
,
Marco Facchino
and
Mauro Capocelli
*
Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(21), 5721; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215721
Submission received: 29 September 2025 / Revised: 25 October 2025 / Accepted: 27 October 2025 / Published: 30 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Section B2: Clean Energy)
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Abstract

This study extends the application and validation of the Gibbs Free Energy Gradient Method (GMM) for modelling gasification processes, focusing on scaling up from pilot to commercial operations. The model simulates syngas production using poplar wood and olive pomace briquettes under various gasification conditions. Experimental data from a downdraft gasifier were employed to refine the model parameters, achieving accurate predictions of syngas composition with an average error below 8%. Sensitivity analyses highlight the impact of operating conditions, particularly temperature and air flow rates, on the syngas calorific value, hydrogen yield, and energy efficiency. These results emphasize the potential of biomass residues, such as olive pomace, for sustainable energy production in a circular economy context. The findings demonstrate the robustness of the GMM for predicting gasification performance and offer practical guidance for scaling up biomass-to-energy systems while optimizing efficiency and reducing waste.
Keywords: Gibbs free energy gradient; simulation; experimental validation; pilot plant Gibbs free energy gradient; simulation; experimental validation; pilot plant

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MDPI and ACS Style

Angelucci, E.; Barba, D.; Facchino, M.; Capocelli, M. Extension and Validation of the Short-Cut GMM Model for Biomass-to-Electricity Applications. Energies 2025, 18, 5721. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215721

AMA Style

Angelucci E, Barba D, Facchino M, Capocelli M. Extension and Validation of the Short-Cut GMM Model for Biomass-to-Electricity Applications. Energies. 2025; 18(21):5721. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215721

Chicago/Turabian Style

Angelucci, Emiliano, Diego Barba, Marco Facchino, and Mauro Capocelli. 2025. "Extension and Validation of the Short-Cut GMM Model for Biomass-to-Electricity Applications" Energies 18, no. 21: 5721. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215721

APA Style

Angelucci, E., Barba, D., Facchino, M., & Capocelli, M. (2025). Extension and Validation of the Short-Cut GMM Model for Biomass-to-Electricity Applications. Energies, 18(21), 5721. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215721

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