The Political Economy of Rent-Seeking: Evidence from Spain’s Support Policies for Renewable Energy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Framework and Methodology
3. Background and Discussion
3.1. The Case of Spain
3.2. Data Analysis
3.3. Detection Results and Proposals
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Endesa | Iberdrola | Naturgy | EDP | Viesgo | Repsol | Others | HHI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 42% | 35% | 15% | 2% | 2% | 0% | 3% | 3.237 |
2012 | 41% | 35% | 16% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 3% | 3.173 |
2013 | 41% | 34% | 16% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 4% | 3.071 |
2014 | 39% | 33% | 17% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 5% | 2.943 |
2015 | 39% | 33% | 17% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 6% | 2.903 |
2016 | 38% | 32% | 17% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 7% | 2.796 |
2017 | 37% | 32% | 17% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 8% | 2.694 |
2018 | 37% | 32% | 15% | 3% | 2% | 0% | 10% | 2.609 |
2019 | 36% | 32% | 13% | 4% | 0% | 3% | 12% | 2.500 |
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Espinosa, V.I.; Peña-Ramos, J.A.; Recuero-López, F. The Political Economy of Rent-Seeking: Evidence from Spain’s Support Policies for Renewable Energy. Energies 2021, 14, 4197. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144197
Espinosa VI, Peña-Ramos JA, Recuero-López F. The Political Economy of Rent-Seeking: Evidence from Spain’s Support Policies for Renewable Energy. Energies. 2021; 14(14):4197. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144197
Chicago/Turabian StyleEspinosa, Victor I., José Antonio Peña-Ramos, and Fátima Recuero-López. 2021. "The Political Economy of Rent-Seeking: Evidence from Spain’s Support Policies for Renewable Energy" Energies 14, no. 14: 4197. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144197
APA StyleEspinosa, V. I., Peña-Ramos, J. A., & Recuero-López, F. (2021). The Political Economy of Rent-Seeking: Evidence from Spain’s Support Policies for Renewable Energy. Energies, 14(14), 4197. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144197