Cavitation Effects on the Structural Resonance of Hydraulic Turbines: Failure Analysis in a Real Francis Turbine Runner
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Finite Element Formulation for FSI
3. Description of Francis Turbine and Failure
3.1. Unit Description and Damage Found
3.2. Operating Conditions before and after the Damage
3.3. Hydraulic Excitations
3.3.1. Deep Part Load Flow and Inter Blade Vortices
3.3.2. Vortex Rope
3.3.3. Von Karman Vortices
3.3.4. RSI
4. Flow Conditions through CFD Simulation
4.1. Simulated Cavities at Deep Part Load
4.2. Hydraulic Excitations from the CFD
5. Natural Frequencies and Mode Shapes of the Runner without and with Cavitation Effects
5.1. Without Cavitation Effects (Conditions Close to BEP)
5.2. With Interblade Vortices (Deep Part Load Condition)
6. Discussion
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Condition | Operating Point with Respect to Rated Power | Head Water (m) | Rotating Speed (rpm) | Discharge (kg/s) | Torque (Nm) | Power (MW) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deep part load | 36% | 102 | 250 | 21,779 | 610,371 | 16 |
BEP | 81% | 102 | 250 | 40,595 | 1,366,638 | 35.8 |
Harmonics m,n | (Hz) | (Hz) | Excitation Shape k |
---|---|---|---|
1,2 | 100 | 116.77 | 4 |
2,3 | 200 | 175 | −6 |
2,4 | 200 | 233.33 | 8 |
Phenomenon | Frequency (Range) | Type | Operating Points |
---|---|---|---|
Chaotic flow and inter-blade vortices | ≈0–5 Ω (0–20 Hz) | Stochastic | DPL |
Vortex rope | ≈0–1 Ω (0–4 Hz) | Periodic | Between DPL and BEP (Part Load) |
Von Karman shedding | 240–290 Hz for Deep Part Load 450–550 Hz for BEP | Periodic | Stronger at BEP |
RSI | 100 Hz, 200 Hz | Periodic | Stronger at BEP |
Mode | 0ND | 1ND | 2ND | 3ND | 4ND |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
fair | 83.67 | 117.9 | 149.81 | 228.83 | 270.52 |
fwater | 59.87 | 62.99 | 69.03 | 84.85 | 90.51 |
FRR | 28.4% | 46.6% | 53.9% | 62.9% | 66.5% |
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Liu, X.; Luo, Y.; Presas, A.; Wang, Z.; Zhou, L. Cavitation Effects on the Structural Resonance of Hydraulic Turbines: Failure Analysis in a Real Francis Turbine Runner. Energies 2018, 11, 2320. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092320
Liu X, Luo Y, Presas A, Wang Z, Zhou L. Cavitation Effects on the Structural Resonance of Hydraulic Turbines: Failure Analysis in a Real Francis Turbine Runner. Energies. 2018; 11(9):2320. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092320
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Xin, Yongyao Luo, Alexandre Presas, Zhengwei Wang, and Lingjiu Zhou. 2018. "Cavitation Effects on the Structural Resonance of Hydraulic Turbines: Failure Analysis in a Real Francis Turbine Runner" Energies 11, no. 9: 2320. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11092320