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Current Oncology
Volume 25
Issue 3
10.3747/co.25.4071
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Current Oncology is published by MDPI from Volume 28 Issue 1 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Multimed Inc..
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Communication

The North–South and East–West Gradient in Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Look at the Distribution of Modifiable Risk Factors and Incidence across Canada

by
J. Tung
*,
C. E. Politis
,
J. Chadder
,
J. Han
,
J. Niu
,
S. Fung
,
R. Rahal
and
C. C. Earle
Canadian Partnership against Cancer, 145 King Street West, Suite 900, Toronto, ON M5H 1J8, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Oncol. 2018, 25(3), 231-235; https://doi.org/10.3747/co.25.4071
Submission received: 7 March 2018 / Revised: 10 April 2018 / Accepted: 12 May 2018 / Published: 1 June 2018

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd most common cancer in Canada and the 2nd leading cause of cancer death. That heavy burden can be mitigated given the preventability of crc through lifestyle changes and screening. Here, we describe the extent of the variation in CRC incidence rates across Canada and the disparities, by jurisdiction, in the prevalence of modifiable risk factors known to contribute to the CRC burden. Findings suggest that there is a north–south and east–west gradient in CRC modifiable risk factors, including excess weight, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, and low fruit and vegetable consumption, with the highest prevalence of risk factors typically found in the territories and Atlantic provinces. In general, that pattern reflects the CRC incidence rates seen across Canada. Given the substantial interjurisdictional variation, more work is needed to increase prevention efforts, including promoting a healthier diet and lifestyle, especially in jurisdictions facing disproportionately higher burdens of CRC. Based on current knowledge, the most effective approaches to reduce the burden of CRC include adopting public policies that create healthier environments in which people live, work, learn, and play; making healthy choices easier; and continuing to emphasize screening and early detection. Strategic approaches to modifiable risk factors and mechanisms for early cancer detection have the potential to translate into positive effects for population health and fewer Canadians developing and dying from cancer.
Keywords: colorectal cancer; disparities; equity; risk factors; prevention colorectal cancer; disparities; equity; risk factors; prevention

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tung, J.; Politis, C.E.; Chadder, J.; Han, J.; Niu, J.; Fung, S.; Rahal, R.; Earle, C.C. The North–South and East–West Gradient in Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Look at the Distribution of Modifiable Risk Factors and Incidence across Canada. Curr. Oncol. 2018, 25, 231-235. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.25.4071

AMA Style

Tung J, Politis CE, Chadder J, Han J, Niu J, Fung S, Rahal R, Earle CC. The North–South and East–West Gradient in Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Look at the Distribution of Modifiable Risk Factors and Incidence across Canada. Current Oncology. 2018; 25(3):231-235. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.25.4071

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tung, J., C. E. Politis, J. Chadder, J. Han, J. Niu, S. Fung, R. Rahal, and C. C. Earle. 2018. "The North–South and East–West Gradient in Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Look at the Distribution of Modifiable Risk Factors and Incidence across Canada" Current Oncology 25, no. 3: 231-235. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.25.4071

APA Style

Tung, J., Politis, C. E., Chadder, J., Han, J., Niu, J., Fung, S., Rahal, R., & Earle, C. C. (2018). The North–South and East–West Gradient in Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Look at the Distribution of Modifiable Risk Factors and Incidence across Canada. Current Oncology, 25(3), 231-235. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.25.4071

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