Biomonitoring of Urinary Cotinine Concentrations Associated with Plasma Levels of Nicotine Metabolites after Daily Cigarette Smoking in a Male Japanese Population
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Nicotine and Cotinine Determinations in Biological Samples from Male Smokers
2.2. CYP2A6 Genotyping
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
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Mean (95% CI) | Median | 95th percentile | Range | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 37 (35–39) | 38 | 51 | 25–57 |
Number of cigarettes smoked on the day before sampling | 17 (15–20) | 20 | 40 | 0–60 |
Average number of cigarettes smoked per day | 23 (21–25) | 20 | 40 | 0.5–60 |
Brinkman index (daily cigarettes × years) | 382 (312–452) | 300 | 1160 | 7–1550 |
Years of smoking | 16 (14–17) | 16 | 31 | 2–38 |
Mean (95% CI) (ng/mL) | Median (ng/mL) | 95th percentile (ng/mL) | Range (ng/mL) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Plasma levels | ||||
Nicotine | 20.1 (18.5–21.7) | 17.8 | 33.5 | 8.10–51.8 |
Cotinine | 158 (134–182) | 146 | 374 | 3.52–556 |
3′-Hydroxycotinine | 27.7 (21.6–33.7) | 18.7 | 89.1 | < 1–168 |
Sum a | 198 (169–227) | 183 | 446 | 15.0–763 |
Urine levels | ||||
Nicotine | 846 (648–1040) | 561 | 3540 | 15.7–4400 |
Cotinine | 1,020 (837–1120) | 862 | 2450 | 15.8–4780 |
3′-Hydroxycotinine | 1,010 (783–1240) | 644 | 3060 | 3.84–5780 |
Sum a | 2,870 (2350–3340) | 2420 | 7470 | 46.8–14800 |
Subject | ||
---|---|---|
A | B | |
Urinary concentration (ng/mL) | ||
Cotinine | 136 | 396 |
Nicotine | 79 | 29 |
3′-Hydroxycotinine | 25 | 432 |
Sum | 240 | 857 |
Number of cigarettes smoked on the day before sampling | ||
Predicted numbers based on cotinine concentration a | 3 | 8 |
Predicted numbers based on the sum of concentrations b | 2 | 6 |
Interviewed (self-reported) numbers | 3 | 10 |
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Nagano, T.; Shimizu, M.; Kiyotani, K.; Kamataki, T.; Takano, R.; Murayama, N.; Shono, F.; Yamazaki, H. Biomonitoring of Urinary Cotinine Concentrations Associated with Plasma Levels of Nicotine Metabolites after Daily Cigarette Smoking in a Male Japanese Population. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 2953-2964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7072953
Nagano T, Shimizu M, Kiyotani K, Kamataki T, Takano R, Murayama N, Shono F, Yamazaki H. Biomonitoring of Urinary Cotinine Concentrations Associated with Plasma Levels of Nicotine Metabolites after Daily Cigarette Smoking in a Male Japanese Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2010; 7(7):2953-2964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7072953
Chicago/Turabian StyleNagano, Taku, Makiko Shimizu, Kazuma Kiyotani, Tetsuya Kamataki, Ryohji Takano, Norie Murayama, Fumiaki Shono, and Hiroshi Yamazaki. 2010. "Biomonitoring of Urinary Cotinine Concentrations Associated with Plasma Levels of Nicotine Metabolites after Daily Cigarette Smoking in a Male Japanese Population" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7, no. 7: 2953-2964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7072953