Raising Awareness for Sustainable Faecal Treatment Using Augmented Reality
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Effectiveness of AR in Communicating Information
2.1.1. Survey Design
2.1.2. AR Interventions
2.1.3. Assessment of the Impact of the Intervention
2.2. Verification of Factors Contributing to the Effectiveness of AR
3. Results
3.1. Effectiveness of AR in Communicating Information Regarding Environmental Aspects
3.2. Verification of Factors Contributing to AR Effectiveness
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Age | Intervention | After_Environment | Later_Environment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | 95% CI | Median | 95% CI | |||
before_environment | Younger | AR + Video | 0.217 | (−0.123)–(0.572) | 0.614 | (0.164)–(1.145) |
Video only | 0.338 | (−0.013)–(0.732) | 0.678 | (0.235)–(1.256) | ||
Older | AR + Video | 0.420 | (0.124)–(0.795) | 0.562 | (0.174)–(1.056) | |
Video only | 0.473 | (0.133)–(1.044) | 0.763 | (0.319)–(1.492) | ||
quiz | Younger | AR + Video | −0.618 | (−1.284)–(−0.053) | −0.614 | (−1.313)–(−0.057) |
Video only | −0.577 | (−1.263)–(0.036) | −0.073 | (−0.710)–(0.650) | ||
Older | AR + Video | −0.637 | (−1.287)–(−0.129) | −0.368 | (−0.900)–(0.160) | |
Video only | −0.620 | (−1.337)–(−0.062) | 0.005 | (−0.663)–(0.745) |
Variable | Age | Intervention | After_Environment | Later_Environment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | 95% CI | Median | 95% CI | |||
before_environment | Younger | AR + Video | 0.337 | (0.013)–(0.725) | 0.292 | (−0.090)–(0.832) |
Video only | 0.385 | (0.033)–(0.797) | 0.282 | (−0.101)–(0.683) | ||
Older | AR + Video | 0.415 | (0.085)–(0.797) | 0.010 | (−0.364)–(0.379) | |
Video only | 0.470 | (0.096)–(0.904) | 0.313 | (−0.077)–(0.732) | ||
quiz | Younger | AR + Video | −0.773 | (−1.317)–(−0.219) | −0.654 | (−1.456)–(−0.063) |
Video only | −0.742 | (−1.305)–(−0.154) | −0.202 | (−0.897)–(0.459) | ||
Older | AR + Video | −0.695 | (−1.249)–(−0.160) | −0.197 | (−0.740)–(0.345) | |
Video only | −0.727 | (−1.317)–(−0.125) | 0.128 | (−0.775)–(0.500) |
Perspective | W | p | r |
---|---|---|---|
(1) Impressions regarding toilet conditions in developing countries in Asia | 404 | 0.492 | 0.13 |
(2) Reality regarding toilet conditions in developing countries in Asia | 384 | 0.330 | 0.18 |
(3) Receptiveness to knowledge about toilet conditions in developing countries in Asia | 458 | 0.910 | 0.02 |
(4) Willingness to learn more about toilet conditions in developing countries in Asia | 441 | 0.899 | 0.02 |
(5) Implications for the pit latrine system | 540 | 0.174 | 0.25 |
(6) Concentration when viewing the material | 488 | 0.568 | 0.11 |
(7) Enjoyment of the material | 658 | 0.002 *** | 0.56 |
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Otaki, Y.; Honda, H.; Onuki, Y.; Shinohara, G.; Otaki, M.; Chaminda, T. Raising Awareness for Sustainable Faecal Treatment Using Augmented Reality. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 1634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21121634
Otaki Y, Honda H, Onuki Y, Shinohara G, Otaki M, Chaminda T. Raising Awareness for Sustainable Faecal Treatment Using Augmented Reality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(12):1634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21121634
Chicago/Turabian StyleOtaki, Yurina, Hidehito Honda, Yutaro Onuki, Gen Shinohara, Masahiro Otaki, and Tushara Chaminda. 2024. "Raising Awareness for Sustainable Faecal Treatment Using Augmented Reality" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 12: 1634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21121634
APA StyleOtaki, Y., Honda, H., Onuki, Y., Shinohara, G., Otaki, M., & Chaminda, T. (2024). Raising Awareness for Sustainable Faecal Treatment Using Augmented Reality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(12), 1634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21121634