An Exploratory Study of Nurses’ Feelings about COVID-19 after Experiencing SARS
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Method
3.1. Research Design
3.2. Participants
3.3. Data Collection
3.4. Data Analysis
3.5. Research Rigidity
4. Results
4.1. Facing the Epidemic from Unknown to Known
4.1.1. The Feeling of Frustration and Concern
At the time of SARS...it was an unknown disease...we really did not want to join the team to take care of patients, because we were also afraid...and a group of colleagues was crying over there…scared because who knows what would happen...(Case H P2 L11)
(SARS) I think the first thing I am not familiar with about this disease…it is an unknown condition, I don’t know how to control it…and then I heard a lot of negative news from the media, they (media) said we did not have enough equipment…they (media) a nurse pass away…from the news the pressure is relatively high…(Case I P3 L36)
…(SARS) Oh~ it’s finally over, because I feel like…oh my god! not again!…When (COVID-19) really came later, the whole thing was (gasp)...how could it be like this~ but just bite the bullet...but this time it feels like it’s nowhere in sight…(Case H P5 L23)
(COVID-19) the whole epidemic is when it is more serious...anyway, I had experience (SARS) of it, and I am not afraid...I just told myself that this time the protection should be better, and the way of infection is different.(Case H P6 L36)
…in fact, (SARS) Heping Fuyou Hospital was closed. …because of this (hospital closed), a young doctor died…Everyone was panic!...and (COVID -19) Butao (hospital)...happened again, people pointed the finger at the medical staff, and this is really hard to guard against~...It’s quite frustrating!(Case D P2 L33)
…(SARS) at that time, my child was very young, and even the elder relative said, resign your job; it’s too dangerous…I’m also afraid that if I infect my family members,…the risk of infection is relatively high, the nurses left the job because their family wanted them to do it...(Case J P4 L27)
…(during SARS) We were sad because of the incident at the Heping Fuyou Hospital…we were afraid that we would infect our family, my kids were very young at that time...the pressure from the family was very high because you will say oh~...you see it is so serious...or…you might think of quit the job!(Case F P4 L10)
…This time (COVID-19) I saw the nurses (infected)...and their family were infected, and I felt really pitiful. I can understand that feeling...(Case B P12 L13)
I did not go home because I did not want to cause my families infected…you know…during SARS, they (school) asked my child stay at home…they thought my kid was an infectious factor…early stage of COVID-19…you see from the news, almost the same…fortunately, this time the news from media was more acceptable…people changed their attitudes…(Case I P10 L10)
4.1.2. Bottlenecks and Pressures in My Work
…at that time (SARS),...working in the isolation room... work alone!...I was afraid of being infected...differently, (COVID-19)...we take care of patients with seriously condition, and the high infection rate...it is actually physical and mental stress…I’m tired...SARS was just a few months, but this time we really fought for too long!(Case E P5 L19)
…(SARS)…there was only one nurse on duty, there was no way to ask for help. Of course, inside the heart would become more anxious and panic...(COVID-19)…everyone will work together as a team…know how…know why…m! it’s much better.(Case A P20 L2)
…(SARS)When you were there, you would be very lonely...everyone had to support each other, otherwise it is really hard, and everyone was panicked!(Case D P9 L3)
…(SARS) at that time, I didn’t know how to use N95...to be honest, the equipment in our hospital was not enough, it was the first time, everyone has no experience!…no SOP at that time…and now (COVID-19)...education and training are quite frequent…It’s very important…I think it will really reduce the staff’s great pressure at work.(Case A P3 L30)
…After the SARS incident,...infection control will teach you! And they will give you a standard of picture to teach you how to put on and take of the protective suit, and take a test how to put on and take off every six months…we call it the “preventing fools”…(Case C P4 L5)
…it was chaotic at the beginning of SARS, there was no system, and when there was nothing to follow, everyone would be afraid...This time COVID-19,...our first-line nurses have first-hand information such as SOP, policies…I think it was not as frustrating as SARS...the protective measures are relatively complete.(Case F P2 L31)
4.2. The Experience from Ignorance to Proficiency
4.2.1. My Mission and Support
(SARS) the patients are very disturbed, and they will frequently ask, “Miss, am I severity?...Is it like the one reported on TV? Will I die? “...then you need to appease the patient’s feeling, and then you have to be strong enough…(Case A P3 L8)
…(COVID-19) I just want to say “Why should I care about you people?...foreigners come to Taiwan and carried the virus..., I feel...just...but I told myself that he is sick and is a patient, and he should be treated fairly, I don’t want to say that he is excluded. But do you know what’s my problem?...my language…(Case A P4 L9)
…the foreigner...I don’t know…this time (COVID-19)…majority of the incidences were of COVID-19 were carried by foreigner, oh, yes, I did have to look after them but what caused me headache was language (laughing) I don’t think my English is good enough to communicate with them…(Case I P7 L19)
Stress...I’m trying to face it positively...The first thing you should do is to be healthy! That is, the diet and nutrition must be sufficient, and then there must be enough sleep.(Case G P6 L36)
…You have to learn how to protect yourself. If you feel that you have done a good job of protecting yourself, your mood will be more stable ~ feel at ease.(Case G P7 L4)
I...I will try to avoid eating with my colleagues,...I think I have taken protective measures well, but I am not necessarily know whether my colleagues have done well or not…(Case F P9 L11)
(COVID-19)…We are afraid of infecting our family members, so before going home, we will take shower...(Case A P13 L9)
…I once told my husband that I am taking care of this kind of case, ...I am afraid of infecting him, but my husband told me “Don’t be afraid, if we are quarantined, we will be together”(Case A P14 L20)
… my husband is very supportive of me...he believes that I will do well... My mother look after my children...During SARS, my family was very supportive, and then...when faced with such a situation (COVID-19) again, their attitude was still the same.(Case F P8 L2)
4.2.2. Positive Energy and Camaraderie
…ln the beginning (SARS) there were only mobile phones~ and then the phone...the feeling is lonely. ...nowadays technic is more developed~...it’s more...not feeling of isolated...(Case D P3 L25)
(COVID-19) the power of the internet is quite strong... there will be social learning…there are some positive reports. ...everyone joins in the grand event...I think that it is much better than before.(Case I P12 L38)
When I saw my colleagues, I cried!...They said, “why you are crying? We are here for you.”...you are not alone ….. I mean that the team can help each other~…(Case A P4 L25)
…Colleagues...caring for each other, in fact, I also think it is very important to encourage each other...every time I go to the ward, I will remind each other to be carefully…(Case H P4 L6)
…I think our dean is very kind. He leads us~ no criticize …everyone is working very hard in epidemic prevention, and we must give encouragement to these infected people. In fact, the hospital’s attitude towards us means that we should give care to these people and go through with them together.(Case G P19 L3)
5. Discussion
5.1. Limitations
5.2. Suggestions for the Future
- Policy: a clear policy is very important for first line nurses. It also protects them to face to challenges of epidemics. It is seen that from SARS to COVID-19, the government agency in Taiwan had big improvements. However, in the early stage of COVID-19, the first line nurses and their families were still affected by the changeable conditions. As the result, the government agency has to think about the policies to support and protect the frontline soldier for the challenges in the unknown future.
- Equipment: sufficient epidemic prevention equipment will affect the willingness of first-line nurses to care for patients as well as the safety of first-line nurses. From SARS to COVID-19, the government agency and administration in hospitals might have to consider to prepare enough materials to prevent future challenges.
- Media: media are very important resources for publics especially during outbreaks. The media is a major source from which people perceive risk. As a result, the health authority should construct mechanisms or SOP to remind follow-up preventative of risk after these two evidences.
- Physical and psychological health management for first-line nurses: it is recommended that medical and psychological professional consultants, such as doctors or psychologists, are available to support the first-line medical team.
- On-the-job education: major institutions arrange infection control education and training regularly. It is recommended to internalize the education and training of wards and invite senior nursing staff with relevant nursing experience to serve as lecturers.
- Strengthen the foreign language ability and information retention of nursing staff: as society is more globalized, a multicultural nursing knowledge is necessary.
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Age | Sex | Education | Marriage | Position | Total Seniority (Years) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SARS | COVID-19 | ||||||
A | 43 | F | College | Married | Nurse, Duty ward | Nurse, Isolation ward | 22 |
B | 55 | F | University | Married | Nurse, ER | Nurse, OR | 30 |
C | 50 | F | College | Married | Nurse, Duty ward | Nurse, Duty ward | 28 |
D | 52 | F | Master | Married | Nurse, OR | Nurse, OR | 30 |
E | 42 | F | University | Married | Nurse, ER | NP, ER | 21 |
F | 46 | F | University | Married | NP, ER | NP, ER | 25 |
G | 50 | F | University | Married | Nurse, Duty ward | HN, ND | 29 |
H | 44 | F | University | Single | Nurse, Duty ward | Nurse, Duty ward | 25 |
I | 53 | F | Master | Married | HN, Duty ward | SUV, ND | 34 |
J | 54 | F | Master | Married | HN, Duty ward | HN, DR | 35 |
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Lee, H.-L.; Chang, P.-J.; Lin, L.-C. An Exploratory Study of Nurses’ Feelings about COVID-19 after Experiencing SARS. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 2256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032256
Lee H-L, Chang P-J, Lin L-C. An Exploratory Study of Nurses’ Feelings about COVID-19 after Experiencing SARS. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(3):2256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032256
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Hui-Ling, Pei-Ju Chang, and Li-Chiu Lin. 2023. "An Exploratory Study of Nurses’ Feelings about COVID-19 after Experiencing SARS" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3: 2256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032256