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Article

Determining Work-Rest Schedules for Visual Tasks That Use Optical Head-Mounted Displays Based on Visual Fatigue and Visually Induced Motion Sickness Recovery

by
Chih-Yu Hsiao
1,
Chia-Chen Kuo
2,
Yi-An Liou
1 and
Mao-Jiun Wang
3,*
1
Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
2
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung City 41170, Taiwan
3
Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taichung City 40704, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 1880; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031880
Submission received: 27 December 2022 / Revised: 17 January 2023 / Accepted: 18 January 2023 / Published: 19 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Factors and Ergonomics: Bridging the Gap between Research and Practice in Occupational Safety and Health)
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Abstract

This study aimed to determine work-rest schedules for visual tasks of different lengths by evaluating visual fatigue and visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) using an optical head-mounted display (OHMD). Thirty participants were recruited to perform 15 and 30 min visual tasks using an OHMD. After completing each visual task, participants executed six levels of rest time. Critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) values, relative electroencephalography indices, and Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) scores were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that after completing the 15 and 30 min visual tasks, participants experienced visual fatigue and VIMS. There was no significant difference between baseline CFF values, four electroencephalography relative power index values, and SSQ scores when participants completed a 15 min visual task followed by a 20 min rest and a 30 min visual task followed by a 30 min rest. Based on our results, a 20 min rest for visual fatigue and VIMS recovery after a 15 min visual task on an OHMD and a 25 min rest for visual fatigue and VIMS recovery after a 30 min visual task on an OHMD are recommended. This study suggests a work-rest schedule for OHMDs that can be used as a reference for OHMD user guidelines to reduce visual fatigue and visually induced motion sickness.
Keywords: visual task; electroencephalography; critical flicker fusion frequency; Simulator Sickness Questionnaire visual task; electroencephalography; critical flicker fusion frequency; Simulator Sickness Questionnaire

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hsiao, C.-Y.; Kuo, C.-C.; Liou, Y.-A.; Wang, M.-J. Determining Work-Rest Schedules for Visual Tasks That Use Optical Head-Mounted Displays Based on Visual Fatigue and Visually Induced Motion Sickness Recovery. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031880

AMA Style

Hsiao C-Y, Kuo C-C, Liou Y-A, Wang M-J. Determining Work-Rest Schedules for Visual Tasks That Use Optical Head-Mounted Displays Based on Visual Fatigue and Visually Induced Motion Sickness Recovery. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(3):1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031880

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hsiao, Chih-Yu, Chia-Chen Kuo, Yi-An Liou, and Mao-Jiun Wang. 2023. "Determining Work-Rest Schedules for Visual Tasks That Use Optical Head-Mounted Displays Based on Visual Fatigue and Visually Induced Motion Sickness Recovery" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3: 1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031880

APA Style

Hsiao, C.-Y., Kuo, C.-C., Liou, Y.-A., & Wang, M.-J. (2023). Determining Work-Rest Schedules for Visual Tasks That Use Optical Head-Mounted Displays Based on Visual Fatigue and Visually Induced Motion Sickness Recovery. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031880

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