The Bidirectional Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperuricemia: Evidence from a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Study Outcomes and Related Definitions
2.4. Covariates
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics
3.2. Analysis I: Associations between CKD, eGFR at Baseline, and Dynamic Changes of eGFR with New-Onset HUA
3.3. Analysis II: Associations between HUA, sUA at Baseline, and Dynamic Changes of sUA with New-Onset CKD
3.4. Analysis III: Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis between sUA and eGFR
4. Discuss
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | No of Events (%) | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | |||
CKD at Baseline | ||||||
Non-CKD | 24,684 | 1502 (6.08%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
CKD | 749 | 95 (12.68%) | 1.94 (1.58–2.39) | <0.001 | 1.58 (1.28–1.95) | <0.001 |
Groups of eGFR | ||||||
(mL·min−1·1.73 m−2) | ||||||
Group1 (<60) | 135 | 35 (25.93%) | 3.88 (2.77–5.43) | <0.001 | 3.56 (2.50–5.05) | <0.001 |
Group2 (60~<90) | 3689 | 438 (11.87%) | 1.72 (1.53–1.92) | <0.001 | 1.61 (1.42–1.83) | <0.001 |
Group3 (90~<120) | 19,191 | 999 (5.21%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Group4 (≥120) | 2418 | 125 (5.17%) | 1.74 (1.44–2.10) | <0.001 | 1.74 (1.42–2.14) | <0.001 |
N | No of Events (%) | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | |||
HUA at Baseline | ||||||
Non-HUA | 24,553 | 933 (3.80%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
HUA | 3869 | 279 (7.21%) | 1.70 (1.48–1.93) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.12–1.47) | <0.001 |
sUA (μmol/L) | ||||||
Q1 (≤285) | 7024 | 192 (2.73%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Q2 (266–318) | 7087 | 260 (3.67%) | 1.22 (1.01–1.47) | 0.036 | 1.03 (0.85–1.25) | 0.738 |
Q3 (319–374) | 7091 | 309 (4.36%) | 1.46 (1.22–1.74) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 0.705 |
Q4 (≥375) | 7220 | 451 (6.25%) | 2.02 (1.70–2.39) | <0.001 | 1.24 (1.01–1.51) | 0.038 |
p trend | <0.001 | <0.001 |
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Ma, Z.; Wang, X.; Zhang, J.; Yang, C.; Du, H.; Dou, F.; Li, J.; Zhao, Y.; Quan, P.; Hu, X. The Bidirectional Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperuricemia: Evidence from a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031728
Ma Z, Wang X, Zhang J, Yang C, Du H, Dou F, Li J, Zhao Y, Quan P, Hu X. The Bidirectional Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperuricemia: Evidence from a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(3):1728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031728
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Zhibin, Xiao Wang, Jia Zhang, Chao Yang, Hongmei Du, Feng Dou, Jianjian Li, Yini Zhao, Peiqin Quan, and Xiaobin Hu. 2023. "The Bidirectional Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Hyperuricemia: Evidence from a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3: 1728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031728