The 5-Minute Campus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Focus Group Protocol
2.3. Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Time Constraints
“I feel that people are often running short on time. You don’t have much time to move around buildings which easily takes you 15 min. And many people don’t want to take the time, don’t have the time to do that. So the meetings happen around your actual workplace, the coffee machine, the copy machine, or on the way to your lunch break. So, it’s the proximity.” (R01)
“These movement activities [moving between buildings], they depend on purpose, on time of the day, and on proximity of the building to the office, because everything is related to limited time.” (R02)
“It’s not core business.” (R03)
“I don’t mind walking, but that’s not work.” (R04)
“I think it depends on how long the meeting or event will be. So, if you have an event or meeting for one hour, then you are not willing to walk 15 min. But if it’s … a 3- or 4-h session I don’t mind. So that is also, it should be a little bit in relation to the meeting.” (R05)
“I realized that when I started working on the 8th floor: ‘Oh, this takes basically quite some time, because you have to wait for the elevator and of course on the way back too.” (R03)
3.2. Function
You kind of need to pull people towards a place. That has a specific thing going on. Otherwise, they’re just out there walking the same square that they do for lunch every day, and then they go home. (R07)
And if you don’t have some attractor like that, then I would even say [you stay] only on your own floor or your own wing. Outside of that you never meet anyone. (R08)
The main reason [I meet people outside my own building] is food and coffee. It remains the main reason. Primary life necessity. (R07)
I would say the coffee and lunch is more for the smaller circle, for instance, unplanned meetings with colleagues or [other] people you know. And [when you meet at an event] it is an unplanned meeting with a larger circle, so people you don’t know yet or people you don’t regularly meet. (R08)
[In the north of the campus, where most companies are located] there is not much to experience in the form of a canteen or places where you can sit. Or can mingle with other people. Because that is a bit further back on campus. So, to walk to the food court, you could do that. But it is a long way. You could. But you don’t. (R03)
You go there because there are facilities that all people and companies on the campus can use. Like a conference center, or lunch facilities, or the coffee bar, or a real bar … things like that. I mean something useful or nice that you use during or at the end of your working day. And then it starts to live then, that’s where you meet people. (R08)
I regularly skip meetings or events because I think I cannot learn something from it, or I cannot bring in my knowledge in a proper way. (R06)
When there’s an event you are already with people that have some kind of same interest, then it is easier to start a conversation. Sometimes when I go for lunch or for coffee, you’re a little bit … You go, you take it, and you leave, you know. (R12)
If you go to an event, you are sure you will meet other people. And you’re also a bit open to it because you are ready to meet other people. That’s usually the reason to go to an event also. (R13)
It’s events from [the staff association] that organizes events, and these kinds of activities that you attend. And there, spontaneous interactions happen. (R01)
There’s no space to kind of carry these types of activities. There’s is no restaurant or organization that has a stage. On the campus to do any of this. … There is no place to book a room, to have a drink with your department or company to celebrate something. So, what this campus misses entirely is celebrations. There is nothing there to support that. (R07)
As I said before, I used to go for lunch at the food court because it has the facilities. If there are facilities around which attract me, then I’ll go there. (R10)
3.3. Space
We would love to have the situation where a Ph.D. student, by accident, bumps into someone from a company. And they talk about and ‘hey, are you doing this, are you doing that?’ But that is virtually absent as far as I know. Because the distances are big and of course you can’t chance that really. The physical distances. But also, because these facilities are a bit spread out and a bit small and not so handy often. (R03)
Of course, I tried to find the place that is kind of attractive then. So, you have a nice coffee corner or perhaps we can sit outside. (R06)
It’s hidden! Don’t hide it, pull it out into the open! Cause that’s a problem, right? If you don’t put it out into the open, then it’s not there. Basically. (R07)
If I understand correctly, more seating will be installed around the pond. Then you would get such a traffic area of meeting places there. (R09)
3.4. Organization
[This is] all very focused on the buildings, while I think the communities and the people should be much more central. In addition, then the buildings will support that. (R11)
If you have a company that just produces e.g., cookies, it’s not very interesting for them to have, or to develop, their knowledge base as strong as companies that are focused on innovation. And these companies that are actually interested in innovations, they are here for a reason, on the campus. Because you have this connection close to research [with] a similar focus. Whereas companies that don’t really search for this innovation, they probably settle somewhere else. (R08)
A lot of my collaborations started at bars, after work, in conferences. But here usually… it’s also part of the Dutch culture just to go home after work. And then maybe you’ll meet friends afterwards. (R10)
Several universities are working on it and yet, are struggling with it. To arrange that properly, efficiently. On the one hand, you don’t want to have too little space, but on the other hand, you don’t want it to sit empty either. Because that just costs money. So, it’s understandable that it’s always a bit of a squeeze on all sides. (R03)
3.5. A Comparison of Findings
3.6. The 5-Minute Campus
4. Discussion
4.1. Motivators and Constraints
4.2. The 5-Minute Campus
4.3. Practical Relevance
4.4. Strenghts and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Focus Group | Knowledge Institution | Company |
---|---|---|
1 | 3 | 0 |
2 | 5 | 1 |
3 | 2 | 3 |
4 | 1 | 3 |
5 | 0 | 4 |
Total | 11 | 11 |
Survey Results | Focus Group Propositions | Additional Findings |
---|---|---|
Buildings with a low score did not seem to host fewer meetings. Often these meetings came from within the same building. | ‘Even if the quality of the building where I work is low, I still prefer to stay here for interactions.’ | Strong emphasis on time constraints. E.g., a long travel time within their own building is a barrier to visiting other locations. |
Movement between buildings with a similar theme (e.g., energy). | ‘The only reason to move to a different building is if there are people there with specific knowledge I need (e.g., companies or special expertise).’ | People will not visit a building just because it has a (related) theme. An event or planned meeting is necessary for people to feel invited to visit. However, with a clear and attractive function (themed or not) will attract people to a certain location. |
Coffee and lunch were important services | ‘When I go somewhere for coffee or lunch, it is one of the main moments in which I have unexpected meetings.’ | This is mostly true for unexpected meetings with people participants are already familiar with, but not likely for completely new contacts. There is a cultural barrier to start a conversation with a complete stranger (about work) when it is not framed by an event, planned meeting, or introduction by an acquainted co-worker. |
Events and meetings were indicated as important services | ‘The main reason I meet people outside my building is for an event or meeting.’ | This was a strong attractor and culturally appropriate setting to start new conversations. There is a need for campus management to be involved in organizing these events, to create a lively campus. Spaces and facilities to support this also have to be made available. |
Outdoor spaces were largely missing from the survey results, but were emphasized in the focus groups as important spaces for unplanned meetings. |
Natural Moment | Travel Time | Function |
---|---|---|
Short break | <5 min | Coffee, toilet |
Lunch break | Approx. min | Food court, restaurant |
Meeting | >5 min 1 | Event, planned meeting |
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Jansz, S.N.; Mobach, M.; van Dijk, T. The 5-Minute Campus. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021274
Jansz SN, Mobach M, van Dijk T. The 5-Minute Campus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(2):1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021274
Chicago/Turabian StyleJansz, Sascha Naomi, Mark Mobach, and Terry van Dijk. 2023. "The 5-Minute Campus" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2: 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021274