Development and Psychometric Properties of the Health Belief Scales toward COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Study in North-Eastern Poland
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedure
2.2. Measures
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Item Analysis
3.2. Assessment of Structure and Reliability
3.3. Reliability of the Index Created
3.4. Descriptive Statistics of the Health Belief Scales toward COVID-19 Vaccine and Relations Based on Demographic Variables
3.5. Convergent Validity
3.6. Method of Score Calculation
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | n | % |
---|---|---|
Financial Situation | ||
Very good | 57 | 12 |
Good | 186 | 39 |
Average | 136 | 29 |
Bad | 79 | 17 |
Very bad | 14 | 3 |
Place of Residence | ||
Urban | 328 | 70 |
Rural | 144 | 30 |
Work Situation | ||
Gainfully employed | 166 | 35 |
Only studying | 118 | 25 |
Gainfully employed and studying | 160 | 34 |
Unemployed | 28 | 6 |
Min | Max | M | SD | S | K | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Jestem w grupie wysokiego ryzyka zakażenia się koronawirusem. I am at high risk of COVID-19 infection. | 1 | 5 | 2.06 | 1.22 | 0.948 | −0.139 |
2. Myślę, że w najbliższej przyszłości zachoruje na COVID-19. I think I will get COVID-19 in the near future. | 1 | 5 | 2.45 | 1.10 | 0.299 | −0.639 |
3. Uważam, że mógłbym być ciężko chory, gdybym zachorował na COVID-19. I could be severely ill if I got COVID-19. | 1 | 5 | 2.28 | 1.12 | 0.697 | −0.143 |
4. Boje się na samą myśl o możliwości zachorowania na COVID-19. I am afraid of even think about getting illness with COVID-19. | 1 | 5 | 2.15 | 1.25 | 0.835 | −0.461 |
5. Szczepienie uchroni mnie przed zachorowaniem na COVID-19. Immunisation will prevent me from contracting COVID-19. | 1 | 5 | 2.70 | 1.37 | 0.124 | −1.270 |
6. Będąc zaszczepionym, uchronię innych przed zakażeniem koronawirusem. By being immunised and not getting illness, I will protect others from COVID-19. | 1 | 5 | 2.83 | 1.41 | 0.048 | −1.314 |
7. Dzięki zaszczepieniu będę mieć mniejsze obawy o ciężki przebieg COVID-19. By being immunised, I feel less worried about possibility of severe illness from getting COVID-19. | 1 | 5 | 3.35 | 1.42 | -0.402 | −1.137 |
8. Obawiam się, że szczepionka na COVID-19 może powodować działania niepożądane. I am afraid that COVID-19 vaccine can cause AEFIs. | 1 | 5 | 2.69 | 1.38 | 0.255 | −1.223 |
9. Zakażenie koronawirusem może samo ustąpić, a szczepienie nie jest konieczne. COVID-19 infection can be self-limiting and vaccination is unnecessary. | 1 | 5 | 2.97 | 1.40 | 0.059 | −1.225 |
10. Uważam, że w przyszłości aby się zaszczepić koszt szczepionki na COVID-19 będzie wysoki. I think that the cost of COVID-19 vaccine will be expensive. | 1 | 5 | 3.06 | 1.30 | 0.003 | −0.982 |
11. Uważam, że wszyscy powinni się zaszczepić w celu promowania zdrowia publicznego. I think that all people should be vaccinated to promote public health. | 1 | 5 | 2.84 | 1.50 | 0.122 | −1.414 |
12. Zaszczepię się na COVID-19, jeśli lekarz tak zaleci. I will receive a COVID-19 vaccine if my healthcare workers recommended a vaccination. | 1 | 5 | 3.09 | 1.51 | −0.096 | −1.414 |
Min | Max | M | SD | S | K | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Health Belief Scales Toward COVID-19 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 2.75 | 0.97 | −0.07 | −1.01 |
Perceived susceptibility and perceived severity | 1.00 | 5.00 | 2.23 | 0.87 | 0.64 | 0.01 |
Perceived benefits | 1.00 | 5.00 | 2.96 | 1.27 | −0.09 | −1.13 |
Perceived barriers | 1.00 | 5.00 | 2.83 | 1.23 | 0.13 | −1.08 |
Cues to action | 1.00 | 5.00 | 2.97 | 1.38 | −0.01 | −1.29 |
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Konaszewski, K.; Muszyńska, J.; Skalski, S.B.; Surzykiewicz, J. Development and Psychometric Properties of the Health Belief Scales toward COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Study in North-Eastern Poland. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 5424. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095424
Konaszewski K, Muszyńska J, Skalski SB, Surzykiewicz J. Development and Psychometric Properties of the Health Belief Scales toward COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Study in North-Eastern Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(9):5424. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095424
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonaszewski, Karol, Jolanta Muszyńska, Sebastian Binyamin Skalski, and Janusz Surzykiewicz. 2022. "Development and Psychometric Properties of the Health Belief Scales toward COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Study in North-Eastern Poland" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9: 5424. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095424