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Volume 19
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Article

Young Adult Carers during the Pandemic: The Effects of Parental Illness and Other Ill Family Members on COVID-19-Related and General Mental Health Outcomes

by
Giulia Landi
1,2,*,
Kenneth I. Pakenham
3,
Silvana Grandi
1,2 and
Eliana Tossani
1,2
1
Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
2
Laboratory of Psychosomatics and Clinimetrics, Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
3
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3391; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063391
Submission received: 20 February 2022 / Revised: 9 March 2022 / Accepted: 10 March 2022 / Published: 13 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Parental Physical and Mental Illness on Children and Adolescents)
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Abstract

The mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adult carers have been neglected. This study aimed to identify COVID-19 related risk factors for young adult carers and to investigate their mental health relative to non-carer peers. Of the 1823 Italians aged 18–29 who completed an online survey, 1458 reported no ill family member (non-carers). Young adult carers included 268 with an ill parent, and 97 with an ill non-parent family member. Two mental health outcome categories were measured: COVID-19-related (risky health behaviors, loneliness, home violence, fear of COVID-19) and general (anxiety, depression, wellbeing). Six COVID-19 related risk factors were significantly correlated with poorer mental health in young adult carers. These factors constituted a COVID-19 Context Index. Compared to non-carers, young adult carers reported poorer mental health across all outcomes, as expected. The prediction that young adult carers caring for an ill parent would report poorer mental health than those caring for ill non-parent family members was evident only for the COVID-19-related mental health outcomes. The elevated rates of clinically significant distress and pandemic-related mental health problems among young adult carers highlight this group as a priority for mental health promotion interventions and whole-of-family support across multiple sectors.
Keywords: young adult carers; emerging adulthood; parental illness; pandemic; mental health; wellbeing young adult carers; emerging adulthood; parental illness; pandemic; mental health; wellbeing

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MDPI and ACS Style

Landi, G.; Pakenham, K.I.; Grandi, S.; Tossani, E. Young Adult Carers during the Pandemic: The Effects of Parental Illness and Other Ill Family Members on COVID-19-Related and General Mental Health Outcomes. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 3391. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063391

AMA Style

Landi G, Pakenham KI, Grandi S, Tossani E. Young Adult Carers during the Pandemic: The Effects of Parental Illness and Other Ill Family Members on COVID-19-Related and General Mental Health Outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(6):3391. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063391

Chicago/Turabian Style

Landi, Giulia, Kenneth I. Pakenham, Silvana Grandi, and Eliana Tossani. 2022. "Young Adult Carers during the Pandemic: The Effects of Parental Illness and Other Ill Family Members on COVID-19-Related and General Mental Health Outcomes" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6: 3391. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063391

APA Style

Landi, G., Pakenham, K. I., Grandi, S., & Tossani, E. (2022). Young Adult Carers during the Pandemic: The Effects of Parental Illness and Other Ill Family Members on COVID-19-Related and General Mental Health Outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3391. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063391

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