Side Effects of Opioids Are Ameliorated by Regulating TRPV1 Receptors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Opioid Tolerance and Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia
3. Addiction
4. In Neuropathic Pain
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Opioid Limitations in Analgesia | Possible Mechanisms | Strategies |
---|---|---|
Opioid tolerance and Opioid-induced hyperalgesia | μ-opioid desensitization and TRPV1 sensitization; β-arrestin2 bidirectionally regulates μ-opioid and TRPV1 receptors. | Combination drug therapy; Developing dual-acting drugs targeting μ-opioid and TRPV1 receptors. |
Addiction | TRPV1 receptors expressed in the dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens mediate opioid reward. | Blocking TRPV1 receptors expressed in the dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens is efficient. |
Less efficiency to neuropathic pain | Lack of functional μ-opioid receptors following nerve injury and TRPV1 receptor sensitization. | Co-administration of TRPV1 antagonists and opioids in the primary action sites of the periphery. |
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Wang, X.; Bao, C.; Li, Z.; Yue, L.; Hu, L. Side Effects of Opioids Are Ameliorated by Regulating TRPV1 Receptors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042387
Wang X, Bao C, Li Z, Yue L, Hu L. Side Effects of Opioids Are Ameliorated by Regulating TRPV1 Receptors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042387
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Xiaqing, Chongyu Bao, Zhenjiang Li, Lupeng Yue, and Li Hu. 2022. "Side Effects of Opioids Are Ameliorated by Regulating TRPV1 Receptors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042387