Suicide Attempts and Suicides as a Result of Poisoning and under the Influence of Xenobiotics in Poland in 1999–2020
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- General Police Headquarters of Poland, years 1999–2020. The analysis included suicide attempts, poisoning suicides and suicide attempts, and suicides under the influence of substances affecting the state of consciousness of suicide victims. The General Police Headquarters of Poland (GPHP) is a uniformed and armed force, whose main goal is to serve and protect the people, and to maintain public order and security. Basic responsibilities include protection of people’s health and life, protection of property, protection of public safety and order, organization of “community policing” and crime prevention activities, detection of crimes and misdemeanors, imprisonment of criminals, control of regulations on public life and public spaces, and cooperation with police forces from other countries and international organizations. The data are available to the public. The recorded method of suicide is often imprecise and untrue, which means that such knowledge is limited. The General Police Headquarters of Poland informed that the data concerning a victim may appear in several items.
- Statistics Poland, years 2002–2020 (data for the years 1999–2001 are not available). The analysis included poisoning deaths according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ICD-10 (data on suicide attempts are not collected), where the cases of fatal poisonings are classified as intentional and unintentional. Statistics Poland (formerly known in English as the Central Statistical Office [17] (Polish: Główny Urząd Statystyczny, popularly called GUS)) is Poland’s chief government executive agency in charge of collecting and publishing statistics related to the Polish economy, population, and society at the national and local level. The data are available to the public.
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Results Based on Data from the General Police Headquarters of Poland
3.2. Results Based on Data Obtained from the Statistics Poland
3.3. Other Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
GPHP | General Police Headquarters of Poland |
GUS | Statistics Poland |
NPS | novel psychoactive substances |
OTC | over the counter |
WHO | World Health Organization |
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Year | Total Number of Suicide Attempts | Intoxication of Gases | Intoxication of Chemicals | Intoxication Neuroleptics and Antipsychotics | Intoxication of Other Medications | Intoxication of Substance Abuse | Intoxication of Designer Drugs | Intoxication of Unspecified Substances |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 5182 | 33 | - | 153 | - | - | - | 28 |
2000 | 5621 | 33 | - | 169 | - | - | - | 48 |
2001 | 5712 | 32 | - | 175 | - | - | - | 41 |
2002 | 5928 | 29 | - | 211 | - | - | - | 30 |
2003 | 5467 | 33 | - | 211 | - | - | - | 21 |
2004 | 5893 | 43 | - | 220 | - | - | - | 23 |
2005 | 5625 | 43 | - | 188 | - | - | - | 22 |
2006 | 5152 | 31 | - | 187 | - | - | - | 26 |
2007 | 4658 | 29 | - | 198 | - | - | - | 23 |
2008 | 5237 | 24 | - | 190 | - | - | - | 28 |
2009 | 5913 | 41 | - | 199 | - | - | - | 30 |
2010 | 5456 | 38 | - | 214 | - | - | - | 26 |
2011 | 5124 | 39 | - | 192 | - | - | - | 20 |
2012 | 5791 | 33 | - | 193 | - | - | - | 30 |
2013 | 8575 | 47 | - | 314 | - | - | - | 41 |
2014 | 10,207 | 67 | - | 474 | - | - | - | 52 |
2015 | 9973 | 85 | - | 520 | - | - | - | 52 |
2016 | 9861 | 73 | - | 572 | - | - | - | 49 |
2017 | 11,139 | 92 | 62 | 674 | 959 | 21 | 3 | - |
2018 | 11,167 | 104 | 68 | 774 | 1061 | 17 | 3 | - |
2019 | 11,961 | 114 | 89 | 894 | 1289 | 19 | 0 | - |
2020 | 12,013 | 102 | 106 | 1002 | 1274 | 10 | 0 | - |
TOTAL | 161,655 | 1165 | 325 | 7924 | 4583 | 67 | 6 | 590 |
Year | Total Number of Suicidal Deaths | Intoxication of Gases | Intoxication of Chemicals | Intoxication Neuroleptics and Antipsychotics | Intoxication of Other Medications | Intoxication of Substance Abuse | Intoxication of Designer Drugs | Intoxication of Unspecified Substances |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 4695 | 25 | - | 56 | - | - | - | 19 |
2000 | 4947 | 19 | - | 66 | - | - | - | 34 |
2001 | 4971 | 17 | - | 67 | - | - | - | 16 |
2002 | 5100 | 19 | - | 74 | - | - | - | 23 |
2003 | 4634 | 19 | - | 60 | - | - | - | 17 |
2004 | 4893 | 20 | - | 70 | - | - | - | 16 |
2005 | 4621 | 15 | - | 61 | - | - | - | 14 |
2006 | 4090 | 17 | - | 39 | - | - | - | 17 |
2007 | 3530 | 10 | - | 37 | - | - | - | 12 |
2008 | 3964 | 7 | - | 43 | - | - | - | 16 |
2009 | 4384 | 11 | - | 33 | - | - | - | 15 |
2010 | 4087 | 17 | - | 38 | - | - | - | 11 |
2011 | 3839 | 25 | - | 41 | - | - | - | 9 |
2012 | 4177 | 13 | - | 37 | - | - | - | 13 |
2013 | 6101 | 15 | - | 59 | - | - | - | 14 |
2014 | 6165 | 18 | - | 69 | - | - | - | 14 |
2015 | 5688 | 37 | - | 45 | - | - | - | 19 |
2016 | 5405 | 21 | - | 66 | - | - | - | 13 |
2017 | 5276 | 29 | 17 | 44 | 58 | 4 | 0 | - |
2018 | 5182 | 38 | 12 | 48 | 61 | 3 | 0 | - |
2019 | 5255 | 41 | 24 | 50 | 63 | 4 | 0 | - |
2020 | 5165 | 24 | 32 | 60 | 67 | 1 | 0 | - |
TOTAL | 106,169 | 457 | 85 | 1163 | 249 | 12 | 0 | 292 |
Year | Sober * | Under the Influence of Alcohol * | Under the Influence of Psychotropic Substance (Drugs) * | Under the Influence of Medications * | Under the Influence of Substitute Agents/Substances (Designer Drugs) * | Not Specified/Agent Not Established * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 866 | 1056 | 54 | - | 28 | 3199 |
2000 | 855 | 1134 | 80 | - | 35 | 3543 |
2001 | 851 | 1050 | 49 | - | 26 | 3754 |
2002 | 815 | 1069 | 80 | - | 41 | 3953 |
2003 | 686 | 1059 | 44 | - | 30 | 3667 |
2004 | 792 | 1189 | 58 | - | 31 | 3849 |
2005 | 737 | 1244 | 59 | - | 29 | 3575 |
2006 | 669 | 1120 | 54 | - | 37 | 3291 |
2007 | 644 | 1069 | 41 | - | 30 | 2897 |
2008 | 605 | 1255 | 53 | - | 41 | 3310 |
2009 | 668 | 1453 | 44 | - | 44 | 3733 |
2010 | 592 | 1341 | 32 | - | 47 | 3472 |
2011 | 500 | 1258 | 27 | - | 31 | 3334 |
2012 | 618 | 1438 | 45 | - | 47 | 3676 |
2013 | 683 | 1857 | 62 | - | 66 | 5974 |
2014 | 901 | 2734 | 109 | - | 106 | 6432 |
2015 | 867 | 2841 | 133 | - | 118 | 6093 |
2016 | 987 | 2899 | 113 | - | 98 | 5815 |
2017 | 1306 | 3635 | 79 | 734 | 31 | 5575 |
2018 | 1342 | 3634 | 92 | 809 | 21 | 5526 |
2019 | 1571 | 3804 | 98 | 929 | 22 | 5777 |
2020 | 1700 | 3756 | 102 | 1057 | 15 | 5675 |
Year | Sober * | Under the Influence of Alcohol * | Under the Influence of Psychotropic Substance (Drugs) * | Under the Influence of Medications * | Under the Influence of Substitute Agents/Substances (Designer Drugs) * | Not Specified/Agent Not Established * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2000 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2001 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2002 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2003 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2004 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2005 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2006 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2007 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2008 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2009 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2010 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2011 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2012 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2013 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2014 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2015 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2016 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
2017 | 341 | 602 | 13 | 69 | 3 | 4276 |
2018 | 323 | 570 | 12 | 54 | 0 | 4245 |
2019 | 324 | 526 | 16 | 59 | 2 | 4350 |
2020 | 360 | 521 | 11 | 64 | 1 | 4229 |
Year | ICD-10 Classification | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X60 | X61 | X62 | X63 | X64 | X65 | X66 | X67 | X68 | X69 | TOTAL | |
2002 | 1 | 69 | 8 | 6 | 75 | 10 | 0 | 16 | 1 | 10 | 196 |
2003 | 2 | 76 | 4 | 1 | 66 | 7 | 4 | 17 | 4 | 17 | 198 |
2004 | 6 | 70 | 7 | 2 | 54 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 4 | 14 | 181 |
2005 | 2 | 57 | 4 | 2 | 66 | 8 | 3 | 23 | 3 | 15 | 183 |
2006 | 4 | 56 | 4 | 4 | 60 | 6 | 3 | 24 | 3 | 20 | 184 |
2007 | 2 | 43 | 3 | 3 | 47 | 3 | 0 | 11 | 6 | 7 | 125 |
2008 | 1 | 55 | 3 | 4 | 46 | 10 | 4 | 11 | 5 | 16 | 155 |
2009 | 5 | 46 | 12 | 2 | 41 | 133 | 7 | 43 | 2 | 18 | 308 |
2010 | 2 | 45 | 6 | 2 | 58 | 308 | 2 | 21 | 1 | 17 | 462 |
2011 | 5 | 50 | 8 | 3 | 34 | 311 | 4 | 26 | 2 | 11 | 454 |
2012 | 1 | 31 | 8 | 3 | 44 | 487 | 0 | 27 | 1 | 7 | 609 |
2013 | 0 | 24 | 9 | 1 | 53 | 617 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 719 |
2014 | 3 | 22 | 5 | 3 | 41 | 564 | 0 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 650 |
2015 | 2 | 33 | 0 | 10 | 44 | 368 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 6 | 486 |
2016 | 3 | 24 | 7 | 3 | 36 | 150 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 4 | 244 |
2017 | 3 | 29 | 9 | 0 | 35 | 117 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 210 |
2018 | 3 | 34 | 10 | 4 | 33 | 137 | 1 | 15 | 1 | 6 | 244 |
2019 | 3 | 37 | 9 | 0 | 48 | 121 | 2 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 235 |
2020 | 3 | 32 | 13 | 1 | 38 | 230 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 13 | 340 |
TOTAL | 51 | 833 | 129 | 54 | 919 | 3589 | 38 | 335 | 45 | 191 | 6183 |
Year | ICD-10 Classification | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y10 | Y11 | Y12 | Y13 | Y14 | Y15 | Y16 | Y17 | Y18 | Y19 | TOTAL | |
2002 | 2 | 27 | 34 | 1 | 95 | 134 | 7 | 45 | 8 | 48 | 401 |
2003 | 4 | 32 | 30 | 2 | 75 | 121 | 15 | 37 | 9 | 51 | 376 |
2004 | 1 | 24 | 32 | 2 | 86 | 102 | 11 | 33 | 1 | 45 | 337 |
2005 | 1 | 20 | 28 | 1 | 83 | 176 | 18 | 53 | 3 | 37 | 420 |
2006 | 2 | 21 | 23 | 2 | 80 | 232 | 9 | 51 | 3 | 58 | 481 |
2007 | 4 | 23 | 37 | 3 | 67 | 522 | 9 | 70 | 6 | 52 | 793 |
2008 | 5 | 22 | 62 | 2 | 76 | 615 | 8 | 101 | 6 | 29 | 926 |
2009 | 1 | 25 | 61 | 3 | 70 | 388 | 9 | 55 | 0 | 27 | 639 |
2010 | 2 | 20 | 82 | 0 | 64 | 415 | 16 | 119 | 3 | 31 | 752 |
2011 | 1 | 27 | 90 | 2 | 71 | 538 | 4 | 91 | 2 | 33 | 859 |
2012 | 1 | 11 | 80 | 0 | 58 | 427 | 6 | 107 | 2 | 20 | 712 |
2013 | 2 | 9 | 77 | 1 | 46 | 407 | 4 | 93 | 3 | 14 | 656 |
2014 | 3 | 15 | 102 | 3 | 57 | 379 | 5 | 51 | 0 | 10 | 625 |
2015 | 5 | 16 | 96 | 1 | 45 | 386 | 2 | 56 | 0 | 22 | 629 |
2016 | 2 | 22 | 67 | 1 | 37 | 275 | 2 | 65 | 1 | 14 | 486 |
2017 | 4 | 12 | 26 | 0 | 30 | 162 | 6 | 63 | 1 | 20 | 324 |
2018 | 1 | 11 | 27 | 1 | 23 | 141 | 1 | 73 | 2 | 37 | 317 |
2019 | 3 | 14 | 36 | 2 | 34 | 102 | 2 | 42 | 2 | 16 | 253 |
2020 | 1 | 12 | 17 | 0 | 30 | 85 | 2 | 31 | 1 | 15 | 194 |
TOTAL | 45 | 363 | 1007 | 27 | 1127 | 5607 | 136 | 1236 | 53 | 579 | 10180 |
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Staniszewska, A.; Lasota, D.; Kielan, A.; Brytek-Matera, A. Suicide Attempts and Suicides as a Result of Poisoning and under the Influence of Xenobiotics in Poland in 1999–2020. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042343
Staniszewska A, Lasota D, Kielan A, Brytek-Matera A. Suicide Attempts and Suicides as a Result of Poisoning and under the Influence of Xenobiotics in Poland in 1999–2020. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042343
Chicago/Turabian StyleStaniszewska, Anna, Dorota Lasota, Aleksandra Kielan, and Anna Brytek-Matera. 2022. "Suicide Attempts and Suicides as a Result of Poisoning and under the Influence of Xenobiotics in Poland in 1999–2020" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042343
APA StyleStaniszewska, A., Lasota, D., Kielan, A., & Brytek-Matera, A. (2022). Suicide Attempts and Suicides as a Result of Poisoning and under the Influence of Xenobiotics in Poland in 1999–2020. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042343