Early Care and Education Center Environmental Factors Associated with Product- and Process-Based Locomotor Outcomes in Preschool-Age Children
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Instruments and Procedures
2.2.1. Height and Weight
2.2.2. Environmental Assessments
2.2.3. Locomotor Skills
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Study Sample
3.2. Environmental Characteristics and Quantitative Locomotor Skills
3.3. Environmental Characteristics and Quantitative Locomotor Skills
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Environment/Quality | Best Practice | Worst Practice | Mean Score (M ± SD; n = 16) |
---|---|---|---|
Outdoor play environment (range: 0–21) | 10.6 ± 3.7 | ||
|
|
| 1.4 ± 0.7 |
|
|
| 2.4 ± 0.6 |
|
|
| 1.3 ± 1.1 |
|
|
| 0.2 ± 0.5 |
|
|
| 1.9 ± 1.1 |
|
|
| 1.7 ± 1.2 |
|
|
| 1.8 ± 1.2 |
Indoor play environment (range: 0–6) | 3.8 ± 1.0 | ||
|
|
| 2.8 ± 0.4 |
|
|
| 1.0 ± 0.7 |
Screen-time environment (range: 0–6) | 2.9 ± 1.3 | ||
|
|
| 2.3 ± 1.2 |
|
|
| 0.6 ± 1.1 |
Policy environment (range: 0–9) | 3.8 ± 3.0 | ||
|
|
| 1.7 ± 1.1 |
|
|
| 1.3 ± 1.1 |
|
|
| 0.8 ± 1.1 |
Variable | Total Sample | Boys (n = 73) | Girls (n = 71) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Child demographics | ||||
| 53.2 ± 4.5 | 53.6 ± 4.2 | 52.8 ± 4.7 | 0.327 |
| 66.5 ± 29.2 | 66.5 ± 29.5 | 66.5 ± 29.2 | 0.997 |
| 49.3 | |||
| 78.9 | 74.2 | 83.9 | 0.182 |
| 3.7 ± 2.3 | 4.4 ± 2.5 | 3.0 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| 19.0 ± 5.5 | 19.7 ± 5.6 | 18.1 ± 5.2 | 0.188 |
Variable | Model 1 | Model 3 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Beta | p-Value | Beta | p-Value | |
Child demographics | ||||
| 0.2 | <0.001 | 0.2 | <0.001 |
| −1.2 | 0.017 | −1.2 | 0.007 |
ECEC environment | ||||
| 0.1 | 0.133 | ||
| −0.2 | 0.014 |
Variable | Model 1 | Model 3 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Beta | p-Value | Beta | p-Value | |
Child demographics | ||||
| 0.5 | 0.004 | 0.6 | <0.001 |
| 1.9 | 0.030 | 2.4 | 0.024 |
ECEC environment | ||||
| 0.2 | 0.033 | ||
| 0.3 | <0.001 | ||
| −0.3 | 0.102 | ||
| 0.6 | 0.024 |
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Szeszulski, J.; Lorenzo, E.; Todd, M.; O’Connor, T.M.; Hill, J.; Shaibi, G.Q.; Vega-López, S.; Buman, M.P.; Hooker, S.P.; Lee, R.E. Early Care and Education Center Environmental Factors Associated with Product- and Process-Based Locomotor Outcomes in Preschool-Age Children. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042208
Szeszulski J, Lorenzo E, Todd M, O’Connor TM, Hill J, Shaibi GQ, Vega-López S, Buman MP, Hooker SP, Lee RE. Early Care and Education Center Environmental Factors Associated with Product- and Process-Based Locomotor Outcomes in Preschool-Age Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042208
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzeszulski, Jacob, Elizabeth Lorenzo, Michael Todd, Teresia M. O’Connor, Jennie Hill, Gabriel Q. Shaibi, Sonia Vega-López, Matthew P. Buman, Steven P. Hooker, and Rebecca E. Lee. 2022. "Early Care and Education Center Environmental Factors Associated with Product- and Process-Based Locomotor Outcomes in Preschool-Age Children" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042208
APA StyleSzeszulski, J., Lorenzo, E., Todd, M., O’Connor, T. M., Hill, J., Shaibi, G. Q., Vega-López, S., Buman, M. P., Hooker, S. P., & Lee, R. E. (2022). Early Care and Education Center Environmental Factors Associated with Product- and Process-Based Locomotor Outcomes in Preschool-Age Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042208